TORCH Infections Flashcards
What are some sx of Toxoplasmosis
Intracerebral calcifications (centre), hydrocephalus, chorioretinitis (TRIAD) (also microcephaly)
What is the exposure that causes toxoplasmosis?
Cat Litter
What are the clinical manifestations of CMV exposure in utero
Mental Retardation, cerebral palsy, periventricular calcification, hearing impairment, eye abnormalities (chorioretinitis), hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia purpura
When in gestation do teratogens affect the fetus (Torch etc)
3 - 8 weeks
Which anticonvulsant is most toxic to fetus
Valproic acid
Where are brain calcifications in CMV
periventricular (unique for CMV)
Where are brain calcifications in Toxoplasmosis
intraventricular. therefore obstructing flow of csf therefore hydrocephalus
what percent of cmv congenital is asymptomatic at birth
90%
Torch infections cause what type of IUGR
symmetrical
how do you test for congenital CMV?
CMV antigen in urine
what kind of hearing loss is associated with CMV?
sensorineural hearing loss
What are infantile symptoms of congenital syphillis
rash, osteochondritis, periostitis, lung & liver fibrosis
What are childhood symptoms of congenital syphillis
Hutchinsons teeth
What are the early congenital syphillis signs
Early rhinitis (3rd - 8 week OL), rash, IUGR, hepatosplenomegaly
How do you prevent syphillis?
prenatal screening
What is the drug of choice for syphillis?
Penicillin
What is the classic triad of congenital rubella?
cataracts, cardiac abnormalities, deafness
how do you prevent congenital rubella?
mom had MMR vaccine
How do neonates get HSV ?
Most likely form is peripartum (85%), Postnatal (10%), in utero (5%)
how do you recognize HSV?
vesicles
When does disseminated HSV happen?
unwell at 5 - 11 DOL
What are symptoms of disseminated HSV?
similar to bacterial sepsis, with hyper or hypothermia, irritability, poor feeding, and vomiting
How often are skin vesicles seen in disseminated HSV?
75% of cases
What are you thinking in a newborn with purulent eye discharge? (neonatal conjunctivitis)
Gonorrhea/ Chlamydia
What does gonorrhoea gram stain as?
Gram -ve diplococci
Does chalmydia gran stain?
No
What is the tx for gonorrhea
ceftriaxone
what is the tx for chlamydia
erythromycin (oral)
What is dacrocystitis?
requires optho consult, infection of tear duct
A 38 week gestation male infant was precipitously delivered vaginally. Weight and head circumference are less than 5th percentile, and length at 10th percentile. He has heptosplenomegaly and petechial rash. Platelets of 22,000 and elevated total and direct bilirubin levels. CT of the head shows bilaterals intracranial calcification with several around the basal ganglia and obstructive hydrocephalus.
Ophthamologic examination reveals chorioretinits. What is the most likely cause of the patient’s findings?
CMV Rubella Toxoplasmosis gondii Herpes simplex Treponema pallidum
Toxoplasmosis
