Topik Grammer List

Question 1

1. 사동(4급 4과)

Answer 1

irregular causative verbs = subject make/let/cause/do sth for someone ~subject performs direct action for someone

Usage:
- 사동사 irregular causative verbs indicate that the subject performs direct action for someone = subject make/let/cause/do something for/to another.
- 사동사 is often used for some adjectives and verbs

Structure:
1. N을/를 V-이/히/리/기/우 <= N이/가 V : subject make/let/cause someone do something

Question 2

-(으)나 마나

Answer 2

no use to- i dont Care-

길을 물어보나 마나예요. It is no use to ask him the direction.

Question 3

-(으)ᄂ/는/(으)ᄅ 만큼

Answer 3

As~ as much as (doing sth.)

노력하니만큼 결과가 기대된다. As I tried hard, I am looking forward to the result.

웃는 만큼 인생은 행복해진다. Life becomes more fun as much as you laugh.

Question 4

-더라도

Answer 4

even~

아마 3급 합격하지 않더라도 계속 공부해야 돼요. Even if you don’t pass level 3, you have to keep studying.

Question 5

-(으)ᄂ/는 김에

Answer 5

On the way~

마트에 가는 김에 친정에도 갔다. On the way to the supermarket, I visited my parent’s house.

Question 6

-다시피

Answer 6

as~

보다시피 요즘 직장인들은 바빠요. As you can see, employees these days are busy.

Question 7

-더니

Answer 7

~and then

강의에 늦었더니 강사님이 야단치셨다. I was late for class and then the teacher scolded me.

Question 8

-았/었더니

Question 9

-(으)ᄂ/는 탓에

Answer 9

Because~ (negative)

운동 안 한 탓에 살이 많이 쪘어요. Because I did not work out, I gained a lot of weight.

Question 10

-(으)ᄂ/는 반면(에)

Answer 10

Although ~

택시는 편리한 반면에 지하철보다 비싸다. Although a taxi is convenient, it is more expensive than a subway.

Question 11

-(으)ᄂ/는 셈이다

Answer 11

going to do~

어떻게 할 셈이야? What are you going to do?

Question 12

-(으)ᄅ 리가 없다

Answer 12

There is no way~

돈이 부족할 리가 없어요. There is no way the money is not enough.

Question 13

-던데요

Question 14

-(으)ᄅ 만하다

Answer 14

It is worth~

타개책을 시도할 만합니다. It is worth attempting a breakthrough.

Question 15

-(으)려던 참이다

Answer 15

is about to

학교에 가려던 참이에요. I was about to go to school.

Question 16

-(으)ᄅ 뿐이다

Answer 16

just~

국적이 다를 뿐이지 같은 인간이에요. We just have different nationalities, but we’re the same human beings.

Question 17

-치고(는)

Answer 17

for~

아이돌치고는 나이가 많다. He is old for an idol.

Question 18

-(이)야말로

Answer 18

the~

지금이야말로 역사적인 순간입니다. This is the historical moment.

Question 19

-조차

Answer 19

even~

기다림조차 설렙니다. Even the waiting time is exciting for me.

Question 20

-은/는커녕

Answer 20

even~

술은커녕 차도 못 마셨어요. I could not drink alcohol, not even tea.

Question 21

-마저

Answer 21

even~

숙제가 많은 데다가 시간마저 부족하다. I have a lot of homework, but even the time is running out.

Question 22

-(으)ᄅ까 봐(서)

Question 23

-거든

Answer 23

because

어려보여도 제가 상사거든요. Because I am your boss even though I look young.

Question 24

-다(가) 보니(까)

Answer 24

while focusing~ already~

작업하다 보니까 새벽이 됐어요. While I was focusing on my work, it was already morning.

Question 25

-(으)ᄂ/는/(으)ᄅ 듯이 = -는 것처럼

Answer 25

like~

미친 듯이 춤췄다. I danced like a crazy person.

Question 26

-길래

Answer 26

since~

남편이 레스토랑에 안 오길래 난 바람맞은 줄 알았다. Since my husband did not come to a restaurant, I thought he cancel the plan at the last minute.

Question 27

-기에는

Answer 27

not good for~

축구하기에는 날씨가 안 좋아요. The weather is not good for playing soccer.

Question 28

-는 바람에

Answer 28

because~

공부를 안 하는 바람에 성적이 떨어졌어요. My grade dropped because I did not study.

Question 29

-던 vs. -았/었던

Question 30

-는 둥 마는 둥

Question 31

-(으)ᄂ 채로

Answer 31

while~

버스 안에서 앉은 채로 잠자버렸다. I fell asleep while sitting on the bus.

Question 32

-(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서)

Answer 32

And also —

그에게 사과할 겸 해서 편지를 썼어요. I wrote a letter and also apologize.

Question 33

-아/어 봤자

Question 34

-던데

Answer 34

I found (that) —

길이 막히던데 사고라도 났나? I found a traffic jam. Was there an accident?

Question 35

-(으)려다가

Answer 35

is about to~

외출하려다가 누나가 찾아왔다. When I was about to go out, my sister came in.

Question 36

-았/었더라면

Answer 36

would have~

은행에서 돈을 찾았더라면 좋았을 텐데. It would have been better if I withdrew the money from a bank.

Question 37

-는 통에

Answer 37

because~

아이들이 떠드는 통에 집중할 수 없었어요. I was not able to concentrate because the children were too noisy.

Question 38

-기에/다기에

Question 39

-고 말다

Answer 39

ended up~

밤늦게까지 게임하고 말았어요. I ended up playing a game until late at night.

Question 40

-기 마련이다

Answer 40

will~

준비 안 하면 후회하기 마련이다. If you don’t prepare, you will regret it.

Question 41

-기는요

Answer 41

no need to~

고맙기는요. 별말씀을요.
No need to thank me. (No problem.)

Question 42

-는 법이다

Answer 42

It) will~

계속 노력한다면 개선되는 법이다:
If you keep making an effort, you will get better.

Question 43

-기만 하면 된다

Question 44

-곤하다

Answer 44

V-곤 하다 grammar = (1) often, (2) used to ~indicate a habit of present or past

1. 현재 : V-곤 하다 = often, usually
2. 과거 : V-곤 했다 = used to

평소에는 건강에 좋은 음식을 먹지만 가끔은 튀김을 먹곤 해요.
I usually eat healthy food but now I eat fried food sometimes.

Question 45

-(으)ᄂ/는/(으)ᄅ 듯하다

Answer 45

This expression is used when the speaker is proposing or speculating about something. More formal than 는 것 같다

Question 46

A-(으)ᄂ/ V-는 척하다

Answer 46

An expression used to indicate that one is pretending to do something or to be something, which is not true.

그 사람이 나를 모르는 척했다.
그는 죽은 척하며 엎드려 있었다.
회사에 가기 싫어서 아픈 척했다.
음식이 맛없었지만 맛있는 척했다.
한국어를 잘 못하는데 잘 하는 척했다.
그는 돈이 없으면서도 돈이 많은 척했다.

Question 47

-(이)나마

Answer 47

어떤 상황이 만족스럽지는 않으나 그런대로 뒤에 오는 말의 조건이 됨을 나타내는 연결 어미.
A connective ending used when a certain situation is the condition for the following statement, even though it is not satisfying.

Eg. 그의 주소나마 알았어도 편지를 썼을 텐데
If only I had known his address, I would have written to him.

Question 48

-아/어도

Question 49

-다가

Question 50

-았/었다가

Question 51

-(으)ᄅ 텐데

Question 52

-(으)ᄂ/는 대로

Question 53

-(으)ᄅ 지

Question 54

-든지

Question 55

-느라고

Answer 55

-다시피

Question 56

-(으)ᄂ/는 데다가

Question 57

-(으)ᄂ/는 대신에

Question 58

-아/어 가다(오다)

Question 59

-(으)ᄅ 테니까

Question 60

-도록

Question 61

-자마자

Question 62

-에 비하여/-에 비해서

Question 63

-고 보니까

Question 64

-(으)ᄅ 뻔하다

Question 65

-기는요

Question 66

-(으)ᄅ까 하다

Question 67

-(으)ᄂ/는/(으)ᄅ 모양이다

Question 68

-(으)ᄂ/는/(으)ᄅ 모양이다

Question 69

-아/어 있다

Question 70

-거든요