Topik 4 Flashcards
What is Arthrology?
Study of classification, structure and function of joints
What is Arthrokinematics?
The motion that occurs between articular surface of joints
Types of fundamental movements between joint movements
Roll- multiple points of surface contact multiple points on another surface
Slide- a single points of surface contact multiple points of another surface
Spin- a single points of surface contact single points of another surface
Spin
Kaltenborn’s convex concave
Convex on concave- rolls and slides in opposite directions
Concave on convex- rolls and slide in same direction
Roll/slide
GH joint during abduction
Spinning
Flexion-extension of hip
(femoral head)
Roll,slide, spin
Flexion-extension of the knee
Roll,slide,spin
Tibial -femoral knee extension
Close packed position
-maximal joint congruency
-most ligaments/capsule are pulled taut
-acessory movement are minimal
-full extension of knee, ankle dorsiflexion
Loose packed position
-minimal joint congruency
-most ligaments/capsule are slackened
-Accessory movement are increased
-flexion of knee, ankle plantar flexion
Joint classification
Synarthrosis- fibrous joint
Amphiarthrosis- cartilaginous
Diarthrosis- synovial
4 connective tissue
Dense irregular connective tissue- external fibrous layer of capsule, ligaments
Articular cartilage- covers the end of bone in synovial joints
Fibrocartilage- intervertebral disc
Bone- intern levers of musculoskeletal system
Effects of aging
-Increase adhesion between tissue
-reduce metabolism causes slow healing process
Effects of immobilization
-reduce tensile strength of ligaments
-loss of mass,volume and strength of bone/cartilage
-reduce mechanical strength as forces
Joint pathology
Acute trauma- a torn or stretch ligaments
Joint become structurally unstable
Chronic trauma - overuse syndrome
