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Yr 9 biology > Topic6 Communicable Diseases > Flashcards

Topic6 Communicable Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

What is A microorganism? Give some examples.

A

A small organism that can only be seen with a microscope e.g viruses, bacteria, fungi, protists

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2
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

A microorganism that causes disease

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3
Q

How do viruses differ from bacteria?

A
  • Bacteria have A cell wall
  • viruses have a protein coat
    -bacteria can have flagella
    -bacteria are bigger
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4
Q

How do bacteria make you ill?

A

They produce toxins

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5
Q

How do viruses make you ill?

A

They latch onto a host cell and then inject their genetic material, eventually it bursts and produces more viruses

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6
Q

What are common symptoms of a disease?

A

-coughing
-sneezing
-vomiting
-fever
-rashes

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7
Q

What causes symptoms of a disease?

A

-toxins
-your bodies response to kill the pathogen

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8
Q

How are pathogens spread?

A
  • By sneezing or coughing
  • contaminated food or water
  • direct contact
  • airborne water droplets
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9
Q

In what ways do our bodies prevent the entry of pathogens?

A
  • Stomach (contains stomach acid)
  • eyes (produces tears that contains enzymes)
  • skin
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10
Q

What are the four types of pathogens?

A

-baterica
-viruses
-fungi
-protists

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11
Q

What is prokaryotic?

A

It is when A cell does not contain a nucleus e.g bacteria

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12
Q

What is eukaryotic?

A

It is when a cell does contain a nucleus e.g animal cell

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13
Q

Give some examples of bacteria

A

-salmonella
-e.coli

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14
Q

Give some examples of viruses

A

-covid
-influenza

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15
Q

Give some example of airborne diseases

A

-flu
-common cold

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16
Q

Give some examples of direct contact diseases

A

-HIV/AIDS
- hepatitis

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17
Q

Give some examples of animal/ insect diseases

A
  • Mosquitos (can cause malaria)
    -rats (can carry salmonella)
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18
Q

Give an example of what diseases contaminated food/ water can cause

A

-cholera
-salmonella

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19
Q

In measles what is the affected organism?

A

Humans

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20
Q

In HIV/AIDS what is the affected organism?

A

Humans

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21
Q

In tobacco mosaic virus what is the affected organism?

A

Plants

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22
Q

In salmonella what is the affected organism?

A

Humans

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23
Q

In gonorrhoea what is the affected organism?

A

Humans

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24
Q

In Rose black spot what is the affected organism?

A

Rose plants

25
Q

In athletes foot what is the effected organism?

A

Humans

26
Q

In malaria what is the affected organism?

A

Humans

27
Q

What is the type of microorganism in measles?

A

Virus

28
Q

What is the type of microorganism in HIV/AIDS

A

Virus

29
Q

What is the type of microorganism in tobacco mosaic virus?

A

Virus

30
Q

What is the type of microorganism in salmonella?

A

Bacteria

31
Q

What is the type of microorganism in gonorrhea

A

Bacteria

32
Q

What is the type of microorganism in Rose black spot?

A

Fungi

33
Q

What is the type of microorganism in athletes foot?

A

Fungi

34
Q

What is the type of microorganism in malaria?

A

Protists

35
Q

Explain how measles is transmitted

A

Spread by the inhalation of droplets, coughs and sneezes

36
Q

Explain how HIV/AIDS is transmitted

A

-Sexual contact
- sharing needles

37
Q

Explain how tobacco mosaic virus is transmitted

A

In contact with contaminated soil

38
Q

Explain how salmonella is transmitted

A

Undercooked chicken/meat

39
Q

Explain now gonorrhoea is transmitted

A

Spread by unprotected sexual contact with an infected person

40
Q

Explain how Rose black spot is transmitted

A

Airborne carried in the air and rained by droplets

41
Q

Explain how athletes food is transmitted

A

Direct contact

42
Q

Explain now malaria is transmitted

A

Mosquitos sexually reproduce and a-sexually in the human body

43
Q

What are the symptoms of measles?

A
  • fever
    -red skin
    -rash
44
Q

What are the symptoms of HIV/AIDS?

A

-shuts down bodies immune system
-mild flu like illness to begin with

45
Q

What are the symptoms for tobacco mosaic virus?

A

-distinctive mosaic pattern dislocation on leafs
-not able to photosynthesise

46
Q

What are the symptoms of salmonella?

A

-develops 8-72 hours after eating
-causes cramps/abdominal pain

47
Q

What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?

A

-thick yellow or green discharge

48
Q

What are the symptoms of Rose black spot?

A

-black spots on leaves
-does not flower well (therefore is not able to photosynthesise)

49
Q

What are the symptoms of athletes foot?

A

Wet / flakey skin between toes

50
Q

What are the symptoms for malaria?

A

-fever
-shaking when protists bursts out of the blood cells

51
Q

How can you reduce the transmission of measles?

A

-vaccines
-need to be isolated to stop the spread

52
Q

How can you reduce the transmission of HIV/AIDS

A

-barrier contraceptives e.g condoms

53
Q

How can you reduce the transmission of tobacco mosaic virus?

A

-good field hygiene
-pest control

54
Q

How can you reduce the transmission of salmonella?

A

-cooking food and drinking clean water

55
Q

How can you reduce the transmission of gonorrhoea?

A

-must be treated with antibiotics
-use contraceptives e.g condoms

56
Q

How can you reduce the transmission of Rose black spot?

A

-use chemical fungicides
-remove infected leaves

57
Q

How do you reduce the transmission of athletes foot?

A

-wear waterproof socks in the shower

58
Q

How can you reduce the transmission of malaria?

A

-use insecticide to kill mosquitoes
-mosquito nets
-take anti-malaria drugs

Yr 9 biology (8 decks)

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