Topic1 Cells Flashcards
What is the function of the nucleus?
Contains DNA and controls the cell
What is the function of the cell wall?
Contains cellulose and provides structure
What is the function of ribosomes?
Produces proteins
What is the function of cilliated cells?
Found in the respiratory system and moves mucus out of the way
What is the function of root hair cells
Adapted so water and mineral ions are easily absorbed from the soil
What are the functions of white blood cells?
Engulfs bacteria, creates memory cells, May release antibodies and anti-toxins
What is the function of red blood cells?
Transports oxygen from the lungs to all our cells in the body
What is the function of cytoplasm?
Controls the reactions of the cell
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Allows substances in and out of the cell
What is the function of the vacuole?
Contains cell sap which helps keep the cell turgid
What is the function of chloroplasts?
Site of Photosynthesis, contains chlorophyll
What is the function of mitochondria?
Site of respiration
What is the function of palisade cells?
Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
What is the function of guard cells?
Allows gas exchange in leaves and controls water loss in leaves
What is cell differentiation?
When a cell divides and becomes more specialised
What is the function of a sperm cell
To fertillize an egg and contains genetic material
What are the two white blood cells called?
Phagocytes and lymphocytes
What are the adaptions of a sperm cell
Has A large tail to swim and has a large nucleus to store more genetic information
What are the adaptations of a root hair cell
They greatly increase the surface area available for water to move into the cell
What are the adaptations in a palisade cell
Contains chloroplasts that trap light needed for photosynthesis
What is the function of the xylem
Is the transport tissue in plants that carries water and minerals
What are the adaptations of the xylem?
The spirals and rings of lignin in the xylem makes them very strong
What is the function of the phloem cell
Carries food made by photosynthesis around the body of the plant
What are the adaptations of the phloem cells?
The cell walls between the cells break down to form special sieve plates
What does the term” specialised cells” mean
They are cells that have developed specific structures and functions to perform particular tasks in the body
What is the function of the nerve cell?
Provides a rapid communication system and also carries electrical impulses around the body
What are the adaptations of a nerve cell?
They contain lots of mitochondria to provide the energy needed to make the transmitter chemicals
What are the functions of A muscle cell?
They contract and relax in pairs to move the skeleton
What are some adaptations of a muscle cell?
They contain lots of mitochondria and they also have special proteins that slide over eachother making fibers contract.
How are electron microscopes different than regular microscopes?
-Electron microscopes have a higher magnification and resolution
-more detailed view of structures
