Topic Test 3

Question 1

Cardio respiratory endurance

Answer 1

Referred to as the ability of the body to work continuously for extended periods of time.​

Question 2

Muscular strength

Answer 2

Referred to as the maximal force a muscle can generate for a single maximal effort.

Question 3

Self- confidence definition + 2 main factors

Answer 3

Def: The belief that a performer has in their own ability to successfully perform a desired skill or behaviour.
There a two main factors of self-belief
- Self Efficacy - The change in an individual’s self-confidence as a result of a given situation eg. footballer more confidence in defending than attacking.
- Self belief - confident players believe in themselves & their abilities (both physical & mental).

Question 4

Concentration definition and 4 aspects

Answer 4

Def: The ability to focus on a task at hand whilst ignoring irrelevant cues or distractions.
4 aspects of concentration:
– selective attention
- shiftable attention
- maintaining attention
- situational attention.
Nideffers model - Broad, narrow, external internal

Question 5

Arousal definition and 3 levels

Answer 5

Def: The degree of stimulation or alertness present in a performer about to perform a skilled task.
3 levels of arousal:
OPTIMAL: performer attends only to relevant
stimuli in the environment and can shift their attention quickly to meet the needs of the situation.
UNDER AROUSED: performer lacks the intensity to attend to all the relevant stimuli in the environment and their attention is focused on other non-relevant thoughts which detracts from their performance.
OVER AROUSED: performer has a decreased ability to shift their attentional focus. Athletes in this state often have narrow internally focused attention therefore can miss important cues in the environment.

Question 6

Motivation def and 2 types

Answer 6

Def: The direction and intensity of effort by a performer towards a given task.
INTRINSIC MOTIVATION: refers to internal motivations that result from the process of participation in sport.
Intrinsic motivation would include:
Playing for enjoyment
Social affiliation
Self-challenge
EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION:
Extrinsic motivation refers to external motivations that result from participation in sport eg: money, winning, fame and awards.

Question 7

Stress definition and stress management

Answer 7

Stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the task requirements and the ability level of the performer to respond in a situation where failure has consequences.
MENTAL SKILLS – STRESS MANAGEMENT
* An athlete needs to have a certain level of stress to produce optimal performance.
⎯ Too little stress results in boredom, low motivation and poor performance
⎯ Optimum stress levels produce best performance
⎯ Too high stress levels negatively affect performance
Stress can either be;
* Physical which is the body’s reaction to different triggers
* Emotional which occurs when a person finds the demands placed on them become too big or difficult to manage

Question 8

Methods to develop the mental skills

Answer 8

• Self talk
• Imagery
• Relaxation
• Goal Setting

Question 9

Influence of age, skill level, and type of activity on motivation

Answer 9

Age - little impact
Skill level - no clear correlation
Type of activity - challenging and enjoyable tasks are intrinsically motivating

Question 10

Influence of age, skill level, and type of activity on concentration

Answer 10

Age - the younger the individual, the more likely they are to lose focus
Skill level - more skilled, better concentration
Type of activity - activities with constantly changing stimuli are more likely to maintain attention and focus of an individual

Question 11

Influence of age, skill level, and type of activity on arousal regulation

Answer 11

Age - no direct relationship, younger typically less skilled so need less arousal
Skill level - Advanced players need more arousal to perform at peak while novice players need less
Type of activity - complex tasks require low arousal while simple tasks require high arousal.