Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Topic Sheet for Exam Semester 2 > Flashcards

Topic Sheet for Exam Semester 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Define: Antibody

A

a protein made by B cells that binds to a specific antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Define: Pathogen

A

a microorganism, another organism, a virus, or a protein that causes disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define: Mutagen

A

environmental factors that causes changes in DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define: Noninfectious Diseases

A

a disease that cannot spread from one individual to another, caused by hereditary or environmental factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define: Nutient

A

a substance in food that provides energy or helps form body tissue and that is necessary for life and growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define: Obesity

A

the state of being 20% over your recommended body weight, having a significant amount of excess body fat stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define: Brain

A

the organ that is the main control center of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define: Tendons

A

a tough connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone or to anther body part

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define: Homeostasis

A

the maintenance of a constant internal environmental when outside conditions change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define: Virus

A

tiny particles that have their own genetic material but depend on living things to survive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define: Cancer

A

a group of diseases in which cells divide at an uncontrollable rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define: Autoimmune Disease

A

a diseases in which the immune system attackes the body’s own cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define: Vaccine

A

a substance prepared from killed or weakened pathogens that is introduced into the body to produce immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define: Peristalsis

A

waves of muscles contractions that move the food into the stomach, through the esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define: Muscle

A

is the tissue that contracts and relaxes, making movement possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define: Aerobic Exercise

A

raises the heart and breathing rates increases level of oxygen in muscles, strengthens bones, muscles, heart, lungs, and immune system, burns calories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define: Anaerobic Exercise

A

intense muscle activity for a short time, builds muscle mass and strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define: Nephrons

A

the unit in the kidney that filters blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define: Endocrine System

A

a collection of glands and groups of cells that secrete hormones that regulate growth, development, and homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Define: Joint

A

a place where two or more bones meet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define: Immunity

A

the ability to resist or recover from an infectious disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Define: Kidney

A

one of a pair of organs that remove waste from the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Define: Lymph

A

the fluid that leaks from the blood vessels contains white blood cells, returns to blood streams through lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Define: Skeletal Muscle

A

attaches to bones, allows you to move, you can control this muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Define: Anorexia Nervosa

A

an eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and an intense fear of gaining weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Define: Enzymes

A

kills bacteria, breaks down protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Define: Bulimia Nervosa

A

as characterized by binge eating and followed by induced vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

makes and releases a mixture called bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the function of the Urinary System?

A

collects cellular waste and eliminates it from the body in the form of urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the function of the Excretory System?

A

eliminates cellular wastes from the body through the lungs, skin, kidney, and digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the function of the Nervous System?

A

controls the actions and reactions of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the function of the Male Reproductive System?

A

to produce sperm and deliver it to the female reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the function of the Skeletal System?

A

to support and protect the body, allows it to move, stores minerals, produces red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the function of the Tendons?

A

to connect muscles to bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the function of the Bones?

A

see skeletal system, supports

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the function of the Integumentary System?

A

acts as a barrier that protects the body from infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is the function of the T-cell?

A

coordinates the body’s immune response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the function of the Digestive System?

A

breaks down the food you eat into nutrients your body can use for different function

38
Q

What is the function of the Uterers?

A

tube that connects the kidneys to the bladder

39
Q

What is the function of the Esophagus?

A

connects the pharynx to the stomach

40
Q

What is the function of the Large Intestines?

A

removes water from the food, absorbs vitamins, turns food into semi-solid called feces

41
Q

What is the function of the Small Intestines?

A

breaks down nutrients absorbed by blood stream, and used by body’s cells

42
Q

What is the function of the Circulatory System?

A

movs fluid through the body, protect you from disease

43
Q

What is the function of the Alveoli?

A

exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

44
Q

What is the function of the Lymphatic System?

A

collects fluid that leaks from blood, returns it to blood vessels

45
Q

What is the function of the Cardiovascular System?

A

transports blood throughout the body

46
Q

What is the function of the Uterus?

A

carries a developing fetus, where eggs develop into baby

47
Q

What is the function of the Fallopian Tube?

A

carries egg from the ovary to the uterus

48
Q

What is the function of the Bone Marrow?

A

red: produces red and white blood cells, Yellow: stores fat

49
Q

What is the function of the Cartilage?

A

allows bones to move slowly across each other

50
Q

What is the function of the Tears?

A

wash out particles from the air that have entered the eyes

51
Q

What is the function of the T-cells and B-cells?

A

work to kill invading viruses inside the body

52
Q

What is the function of the Endocrine System digesting fruit?

A

raises blood sugar levels causing the pancreas to work

53
Q

What is the function of the Cartilage at the Growth Plate?

A

makes new cells, turns into bone

54
Q

What is the function of High White Blood Cell Count?

A

causes leukocytosis

55
Q

What is the function of the Motor Neurons?

A

moves impulses from the brain and the spinal cord

56
Q

What is the function of the Pituitary Gland?

A

secretes hormones that affect other glands

57
Q

What is the function of the E. Coli?

A

pathogen that causes food poisoning

58
Q

What is the function of the Carbohydrates?

A

simple- gives you quick energy

complex- gives you long lasting energy, others help different things

59
Q

What is the function of the Fats?

A

source of energy, store energy

60
Q

What is the function of the Proteins?

A

used to build, regultes, and repair you body, source of energy

61
Q

What is the function of the Vitamins?

A

helps you carry out specific functions

62
Q

What is the function of the Minerals?

A

required for nervous system functions, form important parts of many cells structures

63
Q

What is the function of the Water?

A

needed for nearly all life process

64
Q

What are the parts of the Respiratory System?

A
  • nose
  • pharynx
  • larynx
  • trahcea
  • bronchioles
  • alveoli
65
Q

What are the parts of the Female Reproductive System?

A
  • Fallopian tube
  • uterus
  • vagina
  • ovary
66
Q

What are the parts of the Nervous System?

A
  • CNS

- PNS

67
Q

What are the parts of the Skeletal System?

A
  • bones
  • ligaments
  • cartilage
68
Q

What are the parts of the Neuron?

A
  • cell body
  • axon
  • dendrite
  • axon terminal
69
Q

What are the parts of the CNS?

A
  • brain

- spinal cord

70
Q

What are the parts of the PNS?

A
  • motor parts

- sensory parts

71
Q

What are the parts of the Process for Fighting Viruses?

A
  • macrophage
  • Helper T cells
  • B cells
  • Killer T cells
72
Q

What are some examples of External Defenses?

A
  • skin
  • hair
  • nails
  • sweat glands
  • oil glands
73
Q

What are some examples of Internal Defenses?

A
  • fever

- inflammation

74
Q

What are some examples of Noninfectious Diseases?

A
  • type 1 diabetes
  • Hempophilia
  • Cancer
75
Q

What are some examples of Viral Diseases?

A
  • cold
  • flu
  • human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
76
Q

What are some examples of Infectious Diseases?

A
  • cold
  • flu
  • HIV
  • tuberculosis
  • strep throat
  • diarrheal illness
  • sinus infections
  • athlete’s foot
  • ringworm
  • giardia lamblia
  • ascaris lumbricoides
77
Q

What are some examples of Mutagens?

A
  • xrays
  • cigarette smoke
  • some air pollution
  • UV rays
78
Q

What are some examples of Sensory Receptors?

A
  • eyes
  • skin
  • nose
  • ears
  • tongue
79
Q

What are some examples of Fungal Diseases?

A
  • athlete’s foot

- ringworm

80
Q

Define: Allergies

A

a person’s immune system reacts to foreign antigens that are not dangerous to most people

81
Q

Define: Cancer

A

a group of diseases in which cells divide at an uncontrollable rate

82
Q

Define: Immune Deficiency

A

the immune system sometimes fails to develop properly or become weakened

83
Q

Define: Auto-immune Disease

A

the body attacks its own cells

84
Q

Define: Heart Attack

A

when an artery that supplies blood to the heart becomes blocked and the heart muscle tissue that depends on the blood supply does not get oxygen

85
Q

Define: Immune Deficiency

A

the immune system sometimes fails to develop properly or becomes weakened

86
Q

Define: Influenza

A

a disease caused by a family or viruses that can be passed through the air or from person to person

87
Q

Define: Obesity

A

20% over your recommended body weight, excess body fat

88
Q

Define: Viral Disease Chickenpox Twice

A

once you get it you can’t get it again, produces memory cells

89
Q

Define: Bacterial Diseases

A

must bacteria beneficial to life, some cause disease, strep throat, diarrheal illness, sinus infections

90
Q

Define: Asthma

A

conditions in which airways are narrow due to inflammation of the bronchi

91
Q

Define: Pneumonia

A

an inflammation of the lungs that is usually caused by bacteria or viruses

92
Q

Define: Tuberculosis

A

a long diseases, weakens lungs and body

93
Q

Antibiotics treat……..

A

bacteria, other microorganism, fungi

Science (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions