Topic P3 Particle Model of Matter Flashcards
describe a solid
-strong force of attraction
-hold particles in a fixed,regular arrangement
-vibrate in fixed postions
- do not have much energy
describe a liquid
-weak forces of attraction
-particles are close together
-form irregular arrangements as they move past each other
-more energy than particles in a solid
describe a gas
-almost no forces of attraction between particles
-particles have more energy than solids and liquids
-free to move
-constantly moving with random direction and speeds
what do colliding gas particles create
pressure
what is pressure
the force exerted per unit area
how to increase pressure in a gas
-by increasing temperature
state factors that increase pressure for a gas
-particles travelling quicker means they hit the sides of containers more often
-each particle has a larger momentum, meaning they exert a larger force when colliding with a container
what is density a measure of
the compactness of a substance
-it relates the mass of a substance to how much space it takes up
units for density
kg/m3
densitys also given in g/cm3
1gcm3— 1000kg/m3
state what would happen if you compressed a material
its particles would move closer together and it would become more dense
solids are —- than liquids
gases are usually —- than liquids
generally denser
less dense
what is internal energy
total energy stored by particles in a sytsem
how does heating a system affect particles
as it transfers energy to its particles,and increase the internal energy
-leading to
-change in temperature
-change in state
state what happens when you
-heat a liquid
-heat a solid
-
it boils or evaporates and becomes a gas
-it melts and becomes a liquid
