Topic Four - Definitions Flashcards
Definition: Gene
Base sequence that codes for amino acid sequence
Definition: locus
A section of DNA located @ position
Definition: Triplet
Minimum 3 bases code for each amino acid
Definition: universal
Each triplet codes for the same amino acid in all organisms
Definition: non-overlapping
Nucleotide is part of only one triplet codeon
Definition: degenerate
most amino acid are coded for by more than one triplet
Definition: introns
Non-coding sequence
Definition: exon
Parts that code for amino acids
Definition: homologous chromosomes
Chromosomes that have the same gene loci, same size/length, position of centromere
Definition: genome
Complete set of genes in a cell
Definition: proteome
The full range of proteins that a cell is able to produce
Definition: complete proteome
Proteins produced by a given type of cell under a set of conditions
Definition: genetic diversity
The number of different alleles of genes in a population
Definition: generic name
The genus to which the organism belongs
Definition: specific name
Species to which the organism belongs
Definition: molecular phylogeny
Evolutionary relationship between species based on their molecular differences
Definition: species diversity
The number of different species and the no. Of individuals of each species within any one community
Definition: species richness
Measure of the number of different species in a community area at a given time
Definition: genetic diversity
The variety of genes possessed by the individuals that make up a population of a species
Definition: ecosystem diversity
The range of different habitats
Definition: interspecific variation
Differences between species
Definition: intraspecific variation
Differences between individuals of the same species
Definition: Phylogenetic classification system
arranges species into groups based on their evolutionary origins and relationship
- uses hierarchy (no overlap)
- one group = taxon
