Topic E - Impact of IT Systems Flashcards
What are 7 feature of online services?
Retail Financial services Education and training News and information Entertainment and leisure Productivity Booking systems
What is 3 advantages to online retail services?
Wider range of choice
Easier to find what you want
Can do their shopping when they want
What are 2 disadvantages of online retail services?
Concerns over payment being taken without product being delivered.
Lack of regulation with products provided online.
What are 2 advantages of online financial systems?
Can manage your finances wherever 24/7
Users have total awareness of financial situation.
What are 2 disadvantages of online financial services?
Security concerns over hackers and malware (stealing financial information).
Websites for financial services may be based in countries that aren’t properly governed (services aren’t genuine).
What are 2 advantages of online education and training services?
People can access wider range of courses.
People can learn whenever they want.
What are 2 disadvantages of online education and training services?
Many online course qualifications aren’t accredited.
You have to be self motivated to complete the work.
What are 2 advantages of online news and information services?
Much easier to keep informed and up to date about current events.
Easy to plan events and trips (can access travel and weather information).
What are 2 disadvantages of online news and information services?
Hard to know what is real news as some can be fake.
Can be released before affected parties are informed.
What are 3 advantages of online entertainment and leisure systems?
Can access a huge variety of entertainment.
Access to streaming services whenever.
Online gaming allow you to connect with people all over the world.
What are 2 disadvantages of online entertainment and leisure systems?
Children can access inappropriate content more easily.
Lives can be more distracted and dominated by the service.
What are 2 advantages of online productivity services?
Employees can work more flexibly (can work from home).
Working collaboratively is easier.
What are 2 disadvantages of online productivity services?
If companies internet/network connection goes down can damage productivity (can’t access online services).
Has made us constantly contactable (works can come into our home life).
What are 3 advantages to online booking systems?
Can compare prices (find best one).
Need less administrative staff to handle bookings (saves money).
Don’t need to travel to a shop to book anything (quicker and easier).
What are 2 disadvantages to online booking systems?
Require electronic payment (can lead to bank fraud).
May not be legitimate.
What are 3 uses of online services?
Transactional data.
Targeted marketing.
Collaborative working.
What is a transaction?
An act of buying or selling something, so transactional data is the data collected from a sale or purchase.
What are 3 advantages of transactional data?
Organisation can keep track of all purchases (they can see trends).
Customers/organisations can track the delivery process.
Organisations can identify what customers are interested in (can target the adverts that are best suited for them).
What are 2 disadvantages of transactional data?
Transactional data stored online can be hacked.
Can lead to concerns over privacy (people don’t like how there is personalisation from previous transactions).
What is targeted marketing?
Advertising products to the specific demographic of customers who are most likely to purchase the product they could be potentially interested in based in their browsing activity or recent search.
What are 3 advantages to targeted marketing?
Web pages can be customised to show products to people based on previous purchases.
Search engine advertising uses search terms to display similar products.
Social media sites uses your profile data to target advertising that you might like.
What are 2 disadvantages of targeted marketing?
Can lead to impulse buying.
Can lead to concerns over the privacy (people don’t like how there is personalisation from previous transactions).
What is collaborative working?
Where multiple individuals can work together in real time over the internet.
What are 3 advantages of collaborative working?
Employees work together (more productive).
Employees uses technology to share work (can work from home).
Meeting held without wasting time and money on travel.
What are 3 disadvantages of collaborative working?
Needs to be restrictions in place with sharing things online (prevent overwriting).
Security can be a concern (data can be accessed by hackers).
Increased reliance on business internet connection.
What are 8 features of IT systems?
Stock control Data logging Data analysis General office tasks Creative tasks Advertising Manufacturing Security
How does stock management use IT system?
Monitors and controls their stock and can allow the implementation of automated and JIT stock control.
What is just in time?
Where products are only ordered as they are needed.
What are 3 advantages of stock control?
Stock levels are recorded more accurately
Reordering can be done automatically (more efficient)
Less stock needed as this save money and storage space
What are 2 disadvantages of stock control?
Can be very expensive to implement (require staff training)
Not always accurate due to theft.
How does data logging use IT system?
Through the use of sensors to monitor a process and automatically log the data.
What are 2 advantages of data logging?
Using sensors allow for logging without human intervention (greater accuracy).
Data can be logged more frequently (better tracking for trends and patterns).
What are 2 disadvantages of data logging?
Most data logging sensors rely on wireless connectivity (interference can miss reading).
If sensors haven’t been calibrated properly recording won’t be accurate.
How does data analysis use IT systems?
To spot patterns and trends and make future predictions.
What are 2 advantages of data analysis?
Can help spot trends and patterns (improve efficiency).
Data can be outputted into different formats simply (easier to interpret data).
What are 2 disadvantages of data analysis?
If incorrect data is provided than incorrect analysis is performed.
To be analyse data has to be stored (exposed to threats from malicious users).
How does general office tasks use IT system?
To produce documents, writeup notes, manage finances, communicate and schedule appointments.
What are 2 advantages general office tasks?
Completed more efficiently.
Require less specific skills (allows staff to perform a wider range of roles).
What are 2 disadvantages of general office tasks?
Employee need greater ICT skills (costly, stress to staff with no experience).
Need to maintain IT support to help employees (expensive).
How does creative tasks use IT system?
For things like CAD, graphic design and music/film editing.
What are 3 advantages of creative tasks?
Easier to edit creative work
Can be easily distributed electronically (emails)
What are 2 disadvantages of creative tasks?
Requires huge hard disk storage capacities
Increase in illegally sharing of original creative work online (copyright piracy)
How does advertising use IT system?
Through the use of online advertising, print advertising and video adverts.
What are 2 advantages of advertising?
Can advertise directly to the people who will be interested (more efficient)
Successful viral campaigns allow businesses to reach large audiences
What is a disadvantages of advertising?
Had lead to the growth of spam emails, (can lead to phishing and private information being revealed).
How does manufacturing use IT system?
For computer aided manufacturing of products like car parts and clothing.
What are 2 advantages of manufacturing?
Performs the task to the same standard each time (better quality)
The machines don’t need to take a break which save money and more efficient.
How does security use IT system?
Such as door/window and motion sensors connected to an alarm, security cameras and RFID sensors to detect theft.
What are 2 advantages of security?
Requires less security staff as computers automate the checks.
Make business and homes more secure (protect from threat/theft).
What are 2 disadvantages of security?
Privacy concerns over increased security.
Can provide a false sense of security (people not taking security checks seriously).
What are the 10 major impact and implications for organisations using IT systems?
User experience Employee and customer needs Cost Implementation Replacement or Integration Productivity Working Practice Staff training needs User support Security
What is primary data?
Data that has been gathered through original research done by the organisation or individual.
What are 3 benefits of primary data?
Data that has been gathered through original research done by the organisation or indivdual.
What are 3 benefits of primary data?
More up to date (more valid) More relevant (you have collected it yourself) More reliable (you know the quality of the data)
What is secondary data?
Data that has been gathered by someone other than the user of the data.
What are 3 benefits of secondary?
Much cheaper (don't needs to pay for data gathering process, already done for you) Quicker to obtain as data is already done Remove bias
For data to be reliable what 2 criteria must it fit?
Completeness
Accuracy
What is completeness?
All of the data that is required for what you are investigating is included.
What is accuracy?
The data is consistent, in that the collection of data can be repeated with matching results.
What 2 things should you avoid when performing surveys?
Avoid using jargon (can confuse respondents)
Avoids bias in language (may skew their answers)
What are 4 data collection methods?
Surveys
Questionaire
Focus groups
Interview
What are 3 advantages of questionnaires?
Good for gathering information from large group in short space of time as there will be more data to analyse and the data most likely will be reliable.
Everyone answer the same questions which remove bias and better consistency of data.
It can be anonymous, meaning that the result are more honest.
What is a questionaire?
Involve a set of questions, normally in a closed question format, used to gain for statistical analysis or personal information from respondents.
What are 3 disadvantages of questionnaire?
Poorly worded questions can lead to bias in results meaning the results are inaccurate.
It is difficult to get in depth answers and follow up questions can’t be asked based on the responses.
Response rates are very poor as people can easily ignore the questionnaire.
What are focus groups?
Involves a group of people being asked questions on a particular topic.
What are 3 disadvantages of focus groups?
Respondents can influence each other
Data produced is qualitative meaning that it is difficult to analyse.
May be difficult to assemble a group of people together at the same time.
What is an interview?
A one to one meeting where an interviewer ask questions to a single respondent in order to gather information.
What are 2 advantages of interview?
Very good for drawing out detailed responses through follow up questions (provides clarity)
Greater honesty in responses (can develop more of an understanding with respondent)
What are 2 disadvantages of interviews?
Take a long time to gather information from wide range of people (isn’t cost effective where large number of responses are required)
Data is qualitative meaning that it is difficult to analyse.
Why is it important to ensure data accuracy?
As computer don’t have the common sense to spot errors and so if bad data is entered bad, results are outputted (GIGO)
What does GIGO stand for?
Garbage in, garbage out
What 2 ways can we ensure data accuracy?
Validation
Verification
What is validation?
A check to ensure data is sensible
What is verification?
A check to ensure data matches the original source
How can we extract and sort data that is organised into a database.
By using queries
How can extracting be performed?
By choosing specific fields and using filters to select data that meet specific criteria
How can sorting organise data?
By retrieving any field in ascending or descending order.
What is numerical modelling?
Where mathematical calculations are used to simulate a real life system.
What is data modelling?
A process used to plan the structure of a database to ensure that data is stored in the most organised and efficient manner.
What 2 formats can data be presented in?
Tabular
Graphical
What is tabular presentation?
A text presentation of data within a table.
What is graphical presentation?
Where data is presented using a chart or some other form of a diagram.
When is tabular presentation used?
Where precise data and detail is required.
When is graphical presentation used?
Used where ease of interpretation and spotting trends is required.
What are 7 collection user interfaces?
Ease of use Accessibility Error reduction Intuitiveness Functionality Performance Compatibility
How can error reduction be achieved in a user interface?
Can be achieved through validation/verification checks, input masks and warning messages.
How can intuitive interface be easy to use?
Can be achieved by making it easy to use and keeping the interface similar to paper forms or previous systems.
What does functionality in a user interface allow?
Allows users to be able to perform the required tasks they need from the system.
