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L3 BTEC IT - Unit1 > Topic A - Digital Devices in IT Systems > Flashcards

Topic A - Digital Devices in IT Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is a multifunctional devices?

A

A device that is capable of performing more than one specific function as well as inputting and outputting data. It is known as multifunctional peripherals and MFD.

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2
Q

What are touchscreens used for?

A

They are used on tablet devices to allow users to input without a separate keyboard or mouse.

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3
Q

What is a multifunctional printer?

A

A device that usually combines printing, scanning and faxing functions all into a single device.

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4
Q

Where are multifunctional printers used at?

A

They are popular for use in home offices for people who work from home and do not have the spaces or money for three separate devices.

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5
Q

What are examples of a multifunctional devices?

A

Multifunctional printers, touchscreens, force feedback game controllers.

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6
Q

What are force feedback game controllers?

A

They are used on games consoles to allow you to control the game and receive vibration output.

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7
Q

Give an example of a vibration output on a games console?

A

Rumbling in a car game when you go off track or fighting game when you are hit.

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8
Q

Personal computers?

A

Small and inexpensive computers used by individual users such as desktops.

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9
Q

How are PCs able to perform common tasks?

A

By installing a new software application to ensure that the computer become capable of performing a new function.

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10
Q

What 3 things do PCs contain?

A

Individual processors
RAM
Hard disk components with expansion ports.

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11
Q

What additional capabilities can be upgraded on a PC?

A

Replacing hard disk, more storage or adding a graphics card to an expansion port, improves graphics processing power.

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12
Q

How are PCs used in workplace?

A

Word processing, desktop publishing, spreadsheets, database management systems, creative tasks (music, film editing).

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13
Q

How are PCs used in personal lives?

A

Accessing internet, surfing the web or email, gaming which most likely require a expensive graphic card.

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14
Q

What is a digital device?

A

Piece of physical equipment that uses digital data, such as sending, receiving, storing or processing it.

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15
Q

What 9 types of digital devices are there?

A
  1. Personal computers
  2. Mobile devices
  3. Servers
  4. Entertainment systems
  5. Navigation systems
  6. Multifunctional devices
  7. Digital cameras
  8. Data capture and collections systems
  9. Communication devices and
    systems
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16
Q

What is a an entertainment systems?

A

Computing devices that are designed to entertain for watching TVs or films, listening to music and playing video games.

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17
Q

Advantages of an entertainment systems?

A

Good hard disk storage for storing TV or films, music and games.
Built in internet connectivity capabilities such as WiFi.
Access to streaming and online gaming services.

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18
Q

Give 3 example of an entertainment systems?

A

Digital media players
MP3 players
Video game consoles

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19
Q

What is the use of portable media players?

A

Portable media players can be used to download media to device and are played off hard disk.

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20
Q

What is the use of MP3 players?

A

Used to access and listen to music on a small portable device.

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21
Q

What is the use of MP4 players?

A

They are the same as MP3 players but can be used to watch videos as well.

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22
Q

What is the use of video game consoles?

A

Allow you to play video games.

Can use the internet to play games online with people globally.

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23
Q

What are navigation systems?

A

A digital devices that uses GPS (Global Positioning System) to provide a real time map of our current location, allowing us to plan a route to be directed to a chosen destination.

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24
Q

What is an example of navigation systems?

A

In car satnav

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25
Q

What features do some navigation systems have?

A

Identifying traffic, roadworks and accident that may delay your journey.
Provide an accurate destination time.

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26
Q

What is the use of in car satnav?

A

Used instead of traditional maps to help you direct you along the fastest route.
Can be integrated directly into car dashboard but it often standalone.

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27
Q

Why has standalone satnavs been replaced?

A

As navigation systems are being used in mobile devices for driving, walking and cycling.

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28
Q

What is a mobile devices?

A

A computing device that is designed to be portable as it is compact, lightweight and capable of running for extended periods on battery power and is made with portability in mind to give people computer and internet access while on the go.

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29
Q

What is 2 examples of an mobile devices?

A

Tablets

Smartphones

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30
Q

What is a disadvantage of mobile devices?

A

They all use touchscreen so are bad for word processing tasks.
Also have limited processing capabilities so are bad for graphic games or film editing.

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31
Q

What are uses for mobile devices?

A

Accessing internet on the go, playing games, calendars, email access.

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32
Q

What key feature helps make mobile devices more compact and reduce power consumption?

A

System on a Chip

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33
Q

What is a System on a Chip?

A

The core components of the computers are integrated onto a single chip. (CPU, GPU and RAM)

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34
Q

What is a disadvantage of System on a Chip?

A

It is hard to upgrade a mobile device as all the components are integrated on the chip.

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35
Q

What is a server?

A

A computer that manages access to different resources and services over a network.

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36
Q

How do PCs connect to a server?

A

Via Ethernet cables and WiFi (Forming a network)

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37
Q

What is the difference between servers and PCs?

A

Contain larger storage capacity, higher processing power and larger amount of memory.

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38
Q

Give 4 examples of an servers?

A

Mail servers
Web servers
Print servers
File servers

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39
Q

How do web servers work?

A

Web server stores the web page and associate files.
Client computer would then make a request for a web page to sever by entering the URL.
The webservers locate the correct files and send back to client.

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40
Q

Why are web servers used?

A

To manage access to web pages.

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41
Q

Why are mail servers used?

A

To manage access to email.

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42
Q

How do mail servers work?

A

When you write an email and press send then it goes to the outgoing mail server. The mail server then send across a network to recipient mail server and store in their mailbox.
When recipient logs into their email client, the mail server will forward email to their computer.

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43
Q

Why are file servers used?

A

To store your files such as word processors and spreadsheets so they are accessible from any computer on the network.

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44
Q

Why are print servers used?

A

To share access to a printer.

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45
Q

How do print servers work?

A

By using a print server, you can send your files to print from any computer on the network.

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46
Q

What is a System on a Chip?

A

The core components of the computer are integrated onto a single chip (CPU, GPU and RAM).

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47
Q

What is digital camera?

A

A device that is capable of taking photo and video and recording it as digital data.

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48
Q

How does a digital camera store photo and videos as digital data?

A

By using a grid of photosensors that convert light into digital pixels that our computer can store, usually on a memory card.

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49
Q

What is a megapixel?

A

Megapixels is the number of individual pixels of colour that are used to record an image.

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50
Q

The more megapixel a camera has…

A

The higher the quality the image is.

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51
Q

How many megapixels does a modern digital camera have?

A

20 megapixels

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52
Q

What does most digital camera devices have?

A

They contain a built in memory card slot to store the digital pictures and videos directly on the digital camera device.

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53
Q

What is the benefit of having a removable memory card in a digital camera?

A

It allows you to then transfer them to another device so that they can be stored on a computer and displayed on screen.

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54
Q

What are 2 examples of digital cameras?

A

Digital still cameras and digital video cameras.

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55
Q

What is a use of a digital camera?

A

You can upload the pictures or videos and share them as well as edit the photos.

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56
Q

What does photoshopping mean?

A

The use of a software program that we can use to remove blemishes or perform heavier changes to a photo.

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57
Q

What is data capture and collection systems?

A

They input and store data through methods other than direct data entry (such as through a keyboard).
The data is entered as a result of a related activity.

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58
Q

What does data capture and collection systems allow?

A

The data to be entered into a computer system directly during the data capture stage and so greatly reduces the amount of human error issues that happen when manually entering data.

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59
Q

What are 3 examples of data capture and collection systems?

A

Barcode scanners
Optical mark readers (OMR)
Magnetic ink character readers (MICR)

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60
Q

Where are barcodes used?

A

On the back of products.

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61
Q

How do barcode scanners capture data?

A

They capture data by reading the width of dark and light bars.
When the barcode is read, it matches it to a database of products on the computer and returns information.

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62
Q

Where is OMR used?

A

Used in shops for inputting lottery tickets.

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63
Q

How is OMR used in the lottery?

A

Pre printed forms like lottery tickets are designed so that when marks are placed on it, the OMR device can detect what number you select from the mark location on the form.

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64
Q

What is MICR used for?

A

Verifying that cheques are legititimate.

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65
Q

How does MICR verify cheques?

A

The magnetised ink is used to write a code on the bottom of the cheque.
The MICR device reads the magnetic field of the characters to read the code to ensure that it is a legitimate cheque.

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66
Q

What are communications devices and systems?

A

A device that is used to move data between two other devices, such as two computers.

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67
Q

What do communication devices allow?

A

They allow us to transmit data between devices over a network in various ways.

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68
Q

What are 3 examples of communication devices and systems?

A

Network Interface Cards (NIC)
Wireless Dongles (WiFi Dongles)
Routers

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69
Q

What is the use of a Network interface card?

A

Allow data to be transferred to and from a networked computer by connecting an ethernet cable.

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70
Q

Where are NICs used?

A

Desktop PCs.

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71
Q

What is the use of wireless dongles?

A

Allow you to either transfer data to a router wirelessly as part of a local area network or connect to a mobile broadband network.

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72
Q

Where are wireless dongles used?

A

Used in laptops.

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73
Q

What is the use of a router?

A

Directs data to its correct destination over a large network.

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74
Q

When is a router required?

A

Wherever two networks meet.

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75
Q

What are the 6 uses of digital devices?

A 
Education and training
Personal
Social
Retail
Organisational use
Creative tasks
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76
Q

What three categories are there in Education and training?

A

Interactive whiteboards
Virtual learning enviroments (VLE)
Online learning

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77
Q

What is the use of interactive whiteboards?

A

Used by teacher to support teaching in front of a class.

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78
Q

Why are interactive whiteboards multifunctional?

A

They display output on the screen and take input such as when used as a touchscreen to write notes and input commands.

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79
Q

Why are interactive whiteboards beneficial?

A

The note taken can be saved to a central location that can be accessed by students to use outside of school.

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80
Q

Where are Virtual Learning Environment used?

A

Used in schools.

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81
Q

What is a VLE?

A

Like a website that allow teachers to upload resources to the site so that they can share them with students.

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82
Q

What benefit is a VLE to a student?

A

They can access their learning at home so can prepare for exams or homework.

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83
Q

What benefit is a VLE to a teacher?

A

They can mark the work submitted by the students and so students can access feedback whenever.

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84
Q

Where is online learning used?

A

Can access the sites through PC or mobile devices.

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85
Q

What does online learning do?

A

Allows you to access visual content like videos, animation and audio explanations.

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86
Q

What type of digital camera is used in online learning?

A

A webcam ( videos can be shared online through different sites).

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87
Q

What 3 categories are there for personal uses of digital devices?

A

Entertainment
Online shopping and banking
Home appliances

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88
Q

Where do we use entertainment systems?

A

To watch film and TV, listen to music and play video games.

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89
Q

What are the advantages of streaming films online?

A

No longer store files on computers, saving storage space on hard disk and accessing media content is now cheaper.

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90
Q

What are digital media players used for?

A

To access streaming on television set.

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91
Q

What are video games consoles used for?

A

Allows us to play games online with others without needing to be in the same location.

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92
Q

What is a disadvantage of entertainment systems?

A

Piracy now occurs where content such as films or music is illegally transferred over the internet for free.

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93
Q

What does online shopping allow us?

A

Allows us to purchase anything and being able to get it delivered the same day.

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94
Q

What does online banking allow us?

A

Allows us to manage our finances such as checking our bank statements and transferring money.

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95
Q

What is the benefits of online banking and shopping?

A

You can do it from your home.
Saves time and money.
Helpful for people who live in remote locations.
People with disabilities who would find it difficult to get to the high street.

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96
Q

What is a use of home appliances?

A

Controlling the central heating system through your smartphone system through your smartphone allowing us to turn the heating on or off without being at home.

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97
Q

What is the advantages of home appliances?

A

Can help reduce costs and conserve energy.

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98
Q

What categories are there for social uses of digital devices?

A

Social networking
Instant messaging
VOIP

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99
Q

What does social networking allow us do?

A

Allow us to create a network of friends where people are able to see our posts.
You can also message people directly through messaging services on the sites.
You can create or join groups and talk about similar interests.

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100
Q

What are the disadvantages of social networking?

A

Can be very distracting and time consuming which can affect productivity in the workplace.
Has also reduced the amount of face to face interactions.

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101
Q

What does instant messaging allow us to do?

A

Allows us to hold real time text based conversations with others.

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102
Q

What is an advantage of instant messaging?

A

Messaging is cheaper and allows us to group message.

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103
Q

Instant messaging is proprietary meaning…

A

You need the person you are messaging with to have the same Instant Messaging app.

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104
Q

What is VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol)?

A

A type of software that allows you to have a real time voice and video conversations.

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105
Q

What is an example of VoIP?

A

Skype

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106
Q

Why has VoIP become more popular?

A

It gives the ability to have video along with voice and the ability to hold group conversations and being cheaper.

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107
Q

What categories are there for retail use of digital devices?

A

EPOS
Stock management
Retail website

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108
Q

What is EPOS?

A

Electronic Point Of Sale is a computerised checkout till.

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109
Q

What does EPOS use?

A

It uses digital devices to record sales as well as to take payment for the sales.

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110
Q

What are examples of EPOS?

A

Barcode readers
MICR
Contactless payment

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111
Q

What is the advantages of EPOS?

A

Sales process is quicker and more efficient.

Reduction in staff error.

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112
Q

What is stock management?

A

A database management system that run on servers will connect to the EPOS system.

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113
Q

What happens when a product is sold (stock management)?

A

The information is sent through to the server and the database will be updated with new reduced stock level.

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114
Q

How can we automatically order stock from our homes?

A

A stock management server can be connected via the internet to the servers at the warehouse.

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115
Q

Why do we need less administrative staff if stock management systems are in place?

A

Stock management automates most of the processes that monitor stock and make orders.

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116
Q

Having less administrative staff means…

A

Business save money.

Reduce human error.

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117
Q

Why do shops have online retail websites?

A

To sell and advertise their products over the internet.

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118
Q

What do a business need to run an online website?

A

A web server to host the site.

PC to develop the site.

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119
Q

What is the benefit of retail websites?

A

Cheaper than buying a store.
Can sell products to a world wide audience.
Make sales 24/7

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120
Q

What 3 categories come under organisational use?

A

Administration
Video conferencing
Design and manufacturing

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121
Q

Why would an organisation use spreadsheets and accounting software?

A

To manage their finances (tracking sales, expenditure, calculating tax).

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122
Q

Why do organisations use word processors, desktop publishers and presentation software?

A

To produce documents they require for their business operation (Producing sales, report, presentations, brochures).

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123
Q

How has digital devices made a business more productive?

A

Less time is spent correcting human error.

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124
Q

What does video conferencing software packages allows you to do?

A

Allow you to have voice and video conversation (VoIP).

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125
Q

What is video conferencing designed to have?

A

To have multiple people take part in meetings.

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126
Q

What added features does video conferencing have?

A

Able to display a presentation.

Share documents.

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127
Q

How does video conferencing benefit businesses?

A

Saves times and money as employees don’t need to travel to the same location.
Helps support employees working from home.

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128
Q

Where is CAD software used?

A

Used in construction industry for architectural drawings and manufacturing of parts.

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129
Q

Where is CAM controlled machinery used?

A

Produce the objects designed with CAD software.

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130
Q

How has design and manufacturing helped businesses?

A

Made them more efficient.

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131
Q

What is a benefit of CAD?

A

Designs can be modified easily if changes are required.

Designs can be sent over email.

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132
Q

What is a benefit of CAM?

A

Machinery can work 24/7

Reduces human error as task is produced to the same standard each time.

133
Q

What 3 categories come under creative tasks?

A

3D Graphics
Photo or video editing
Graphic design

134
Q

Why are 3D models being used in movies?

A

It is quicker and changes can be easily made.

135
Q

What has 3D graphics done to video games?

A

Added a new level of realism to video games.

136
Q

What does digital cameras allow you to do?

A

Edit the photos (Fixing the lighting or removing objects, red blemishes).

137
Q

What is disadvantage of photo editing?

A

People in magazines are heavily edited sets expectations to younger generations.

138
Q

What types of graphics and documents use graphic design?

A 
Logos
Leaflets
Magazines
Books
Comics
139
Q

What do we use desktop publishing software for?

A

Designing the layout and typesetting (Books).

140
Q

What are advantages of graphic design?

A

More efficient than manually typesetting.

You can send data to printers quickly.

141
Q

What is a peripheral device?

A

A hardware device that isn’t required for the computer to perform its primary function.

142
Q

What are input devices used for?

A

To enter information into a computer system.

143
Q

What 8 Input devices are there?

A 
Keyboard
Mouse
Microphone
Webcam
Game controller
Sensor
Scanner
Graphics tablet
144
Q

What is a keyboard?

A

Made up of a panel of keys, this device is used to input alphanumeric characters, symbols and simple commands into a computer.

145
Q

What is a mouse?

A

A pointing device that allows a user to control a cursor on the screen in order to select objects that are displayed.

146
Q

What is a microphone?

A

An audio input device that allows a user to enter sounds into the computer system.

147
Q

What is a webscam?

A

A device used to input digital video or still pictures into a computer system.

148
Q

What is a game controller?

A

Used to control video games, this can come in a gamepad form or in the form of a joystick.

149
Q

What is a sensor?

A

An input device that takes reading from the environment such as temperature or light.

150
Q

What is a graphics tablet?

A

A flat board and a pointing device, known as a stylus, that allows a user to enter data much like they’re using a pen and paper.

151
Q

What are output devices?

A

Output devices are used to send data from a digital device to a user or another device.

152
Q

What 6 output devices are there?

A 
Monitor
Projector
Printer
Plotter
Speakers
Actuator
153
Q

What is a monitor?

A

A device that outputs a visual display of the user interface of any software that is currently being used on the computer.

154
Q

What is a projector?

A

This projects a visual display of the user interface onto a wall or screen.

155
Q

What is a printer?

A

A device that is used to produce physical copies of the documents and images produced using a computer system.

156
Q

What is a plotter?

A

A type of printer that is designed to print out vector graphic images.
It typically prints to a very high quality on very large paper.

157
Q

What are speakers?

A

A device that is designed to produce audio output by converting the digital audio signal from a computer into an analogue signal.

158
Q

What is an actuator?

A

An output device that produces motion. We use it to control or move things.

159
Q

What 5 storage devices are there?

A 
Hard disk drives
Solid states drives
USB flash drives
SD cards
Optical disks
160
Q

What form of storage is HDDs?

A

Magnetic

161
Q

How is the data stored on HDDs?

A

Stores the data as magnetised area that represents a 1 and demagnetised area that represents a 0.

162
Q

What are the advantages of HDDs?

A

Offer a big storage capacity at relatively low cost (Terabyte for less than £50).
A reliable storage method as they have long life span.

163
Q

What are the disadvantages of HDDs?

A

Relatively slow read and write speed compared to SDDs.
Have a number of moving parts so can easily be damaged (Risky as portable device).
They are also heavier than alternatives.

164
Q

What form of storage are Solid State Drives?

A

Flash memory.

165
Q

How do SSDs store data?

A

The semiconductor chips can be switched on and off.

On represents a 1 and off represents a 0.

166
Q

What happens when you turn off the computer with a SSD.

A

It will remember the data.

167
Q

What are the advantages of SSDs?

A

Have very fast read and write speeds (Faster to turn on computer, load programs and saves files).
Consume less power than HDDs (Useful for laptops).
No moving parts, less likely to be damaged.

168
Q

What are the disadvantages of SDDs?

A

More expensive than HDDs (Terabyte cost over £200).
Lower storage capacity than HDDs due to high cost.
Have a finite number of writes before they no longer work.

169
Q

What form of storage are USB flash drives?

A

Flash memory

170
Q

What are the advantages of USBs?

A

Portable due to small size, lightweight and easy connectivity.
Durable and reliable as have no moving parts.
USB connector built in to device so highly compatible with devices.

171
Q

What are disadvantages with USBs?

A

Can be easily lost.
Have a finite amount of writes.
Compared with HDD and SDD, it have low storage capacity.

172
Q

What does SD Card stand for?

A

Secure Digital Card

173
Q

Where are SD cards used?

A

In digital cameras

174
Q

What are the advantages of SD cards?

A

Extremely small and portable.
Easy to transfer data between devices.
Reliable storage devices, less likely to be damaged by knocks

175
Q

What are the disadvantages of SD cards?

A

Low storage capacity.

A lot of variety which can cause compatibility issues.

176
Q

What form of storage is Optical Disks?

A

Optical storage

177
Q

How does optical storage work?

A

Uses a laser to mark the disks in a pattern.
Light is bounced off the disk.
Marked areas are pit and represents 0s.
Non marked areas are lands and represent a 1.

178
Q

What are the advantages of Optical disks?

A 
Most PCs have optical disk drives and so is compatible.
Highly portable (Used for distributing software, films).
179
Q

What are the disadvantages of Optical disks?

A

Small storage capacity (700 MB, Blu-Ray 50 GB).
Easily damaged.
Work for a finite numbers of writes.

180
Q

What does manual data processing?

A

An individual enters data into the computer.

181
Q

Where would you use manual data processing?

A

Customer booking systems.
Marking exams.
Customer satisfaction survey.

182
Q

What are examples of automatic data processing?

A

Optical mark readers
Barcode readers
Smart readers

183
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of Manual Data Processing?

A

Human error

Time consuming

184
Q

What are 2 advantages of manual data processing?

A 
Complex data (Harder for automated system)
Reduced training
185
Q

What are 2 advantages of automatic data processing?

A

Accuracy

Time and cost

186
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of automatic data processing?

A

Inflexible (Only some data can be entered).

Require staff training.

187
Q

What is a trackball?

A

This device is made up of a ball that sits within a holder that can be rotated in order to move the cursor on the screen.

188
Q

What is a Braille keyboard?

A

They use braille characters on each key of the keyboard.

189
Q

What is a braille embosser?

A

This is a printer that will output using braille cells as opposed to standard ink text.

190
Q

What are screen magnifiers?

A

This usually attaches to an existing monitor and magnifies the display output to make it easier to see.

191
Q

What are eye typers?

A

This uses a camera mounted on the computer that track the user eye movement to detect where they are looking in order to enter data with an onscreen keyboard. Clicks can be recorded by blinking slowly.

192
Q

What 5 accessibility device should be used for someone with a visual impairment?

A 
Braille Keyboard
Large Key Keyboard
Touchscreens
Braille Embossers
Screen Magnifiers
193
Q

What 2 accessibility device should be used for someone with limited mobility?

A

Trackballs

Eye Typers

194
Q

What 4 types of operating systems are there?

A

Real time operating system
Single user single task operating systems
Single user single multitasking operating systems
Multi-user operating system

195
Q

What is a Real Time OS?

A

Monitors external events and processes data as soon as it enters the computer system.

196
Q

Where is a Real Time OS used?

A

Traffic lights

Air traffic control systems

197
Q

What is a single user single task OS?

A

Can only be used by one person at a time, one application can run at a time.

198
Q

What are 2 examples of single user single task OS?

A

Old mobile phones (Not smartphones)

Personal digital assistants

199
Q

What is a single user multitasking OS?

A

Designed for only a single user at a time, however it can run multiple applications simultaneously.

200
Q

What are 3 examples of a single user multitasking OS?

A

Microsoft Window 10
Mac OSX
Android

201
Q

Where is a single user multitasking OS used?

A

Smartphones
Tablets
Personal computers

202
Q

What is multi-user OS?

A

Allow many different users to make use of a computer system and its resources simultaneously.

203
Q

Where would a multi-user OS be used?

A

Powerful servers

Supercomputers

204
Q

What are the 5 roles of operating systems?

A 
Networking
Security
Memory Management
Multitasking
Device Drivers
205
Q

What is an example of Networking in the OS?

A

TCP/IP is built into all major operating systems.

206
Q

What is TCP/IP?

A

TCP/IP are the protocols that are fundamental in allowing us to transmit data over a network like the internet.

207
Q

What features does networking have?

A

Utility programs (Managing and maintaining the network).

208
Q

What is the role of security in the OS?

A

Comes with pre installed range of tools to help protect your computer from threats.

209
Q

What is the role of memory management in the OS?

A

To assign memory to each of your applications running in order to allow them to run.

210
Q

What is paging?

A

This is where the operating systems assigns applications to “virtual memory”.

211
Q

What is virtual memory?

A

Virtual memory is a portion of the hard disk that is used as an extension of your main memory. This portion of the hard disk is known as the page file.

212
Q

What is the role of multitasking in the OS?

A

When you open a new software application it needs to assign resources, like processing time and memory.

213
Q

Why is multitasking more complexed in an OS?

A

Processors only perform a single task at a time. The OS assigns small amounts of the processor time to each application so that it appears that they are running simultaneously.

214
Q

Why would your computer slow down?

A

As you only have a limited amount of memory and processing power, if too many apps are opened it will slow down.

215
Q

What is a device driver?

A

A small software program that controls the devices you connect to your computer.

216
Q

What 4 user interfaces are there?

A

Graphical user interface
Command line interface
Menu based interface
Adapted interface

217
Q

What is a graphical user interface?

A

Designed around graphical icons and images. We use a pointer as a mouse cursor, to navigate and interact with the computer using windows, icons and menus.

218
Q

What are 2 examples of a GUI?

A

Window 10

Mac OSX

219
Q

What are 3 advantages for GUI?

A

Easy to use (for beginners)
Don’t needs to learn complexed commands
Easy to move data between different software applications

220
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of GUI?

A

Uses a lot of processing power, main memory to run.

Can be slow to perform tasks for experienced users.

221
Q

What is the command line?

A

A plain background with a simple text prompt that would allow you to enter in commands to perform actions.

222
Q

What are the 2 advantages of the command line interface?

A

Easy to use for experienced users as they know the commands.

Requires less memory and processing power in order to run.

223
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of the command line interface?

A

Need to know the commands to operate it.

Requires training to use it.

224
Q

What is a menu based interface?

A

Presents the user with a menu that contains a list of options.
The user navigate through various submenu by choosing the relevant option in order to perform the function they want.

225
Q

What are 2 examples of menu based interfaces?

A

ATM machines

Self service machines

226
Q

What are 2 advantaged of menu based interfaces?

A

Easy to use interface

Easily adapted to different users

227
Q

What are disadvantages of menu based interfaces?

A

Can be frustrating as can take a long time to navigate.

Options are limited, complexed actions can’t be taken.

228
Q

What is an adapted interface?

A

It will alter its presentation, layout and even options in order to better support the user or the technology it is running on.

229
Q

What is an example of an adapted interface?

A

Windows 10

230
Q

What is an disadvantages of an adapted interface?

A

Needs user needs in order to adapt it which can be time consuming.

231
Q

What are 3 operating systems factors?

A

Hardware
Malware
Virtual memory

232
Q

What happens if your OS runs out of RAM/CPU?

A

It will start to reduce in performance and can lead to freezing and crashing as the computer struggles to effectively share the available resources.

233
Q

What is an issue of hardware?

A

Overtime your hard disk become fragmented. This means that the data that makes up your files and applications are split in different locations across your hard disk.

234
Q

How does a fragmented disk affect the OS performance?

A

When you ask for it to load an application or a file the operating system will find it harder to locate all the data required for those applications and files and so will slow down the loading time.

235
Q

What can malicious software do?

A

Can affect the performance of the operating system.

236
Q

How does malware affect the OS?

A

By corrupting data, affecting network traffic and disabling or taking over various functions of the operating system.

237
Q

What can malware do to the system?

A

Can cause your system to slow down significantly and cause it to crash. It can damage your system so that it can’t work without a reinstalled OS.

238
Q

What does virtual memory lead to?

A

Reduced performance as not as efficient as main memory.

239
Q

What is thrashing?

A

Operating system is having to constantly switch data between main memory and virtual memory.

240
Q

What issue of virtual memory is caused by the page file?

A

When the page file is too small, it can’t support the main memory.

241
Q

What are the 6 factors that can affect the performance of utility software?

A 
Disk defragmenter
Backup
Disk / Registry Cleaner
Software updates
Antivrius
Firewalls
242
Q

What is disk defragmentation?

A

The disk defragmenter will analyse the hard disk and regroup data so that data relating to the same application or file are in the same location of the hard disk.

243
Q

What will cause disk defragmentation a long time to clean?

A

If you do not regularly run the disk defragmenter and your hard disk becomes heavily fragmented.

244
Q

What should you not do when the disk defragmenter is being used?

A

Shouldn’t use the computer.

245
Q

What slows down the defragmenter?

A

Applications running
Background programs
A large hard disk with data being stored

246
Q

When would we use backup?

A

If the data on our hard disk is damaged (such as by a virus), we often use a backup to recover the lost data.

247
Q

What does backup utility software do?

A

Can help simplify and automate backup process to make it easier to recover.

248
Q

When would backup take longer?

A

If there is more to back up.
Defragmented hard drive can slow down performance.
Viruses and malware.

249
Q

What are disadvantages of backing up to the cloud?

A

Requires a long time to upload backup.

250
Q

What are the disadvantages of backing up to an external disk?

A

Can be slower depending on the connection used.

251
Q

What does a disk cleaner utility do?

A

They identify data that can be removed to save hard disk space that can be used for newer data.

252
Q

What does a registry cleaner do?

A

Removes old redundant registry entries, such as from deleted software programs.

253
Q

How do disk or registry cleaners improve performance?

A

Reduce the read/write times.

254
Q

What will slow down disk/registry cleaners?

A

If you have more to clean up.
Applications running.
Heavily fragmented hard drive.

255
Q

What 4 types of productivity software is there?

A

Word processing
Spreadsheet
Database
Presentation

256
Q

What 4 types of graphic or multimedia software is there?

A

CAD
Graphics editing
Desktop publishing
Video editing

257
Q

What 3 types of personal software is there?

A

Home finance
Educational
Entertainment

258
Q

What 4 types of communication software is there?

A

Email
Web browsing
VoIP
Instant messaging

259
Q

What 3 factors should be considered when choosing application software?

A

Compatibility
Use
User experience

260
Q

What is compatability?

A

Whether it works with your current hardware and software.

261
Q

What is use?

A

Whether it has the required functionality.

262
Q

What is user experience?

A

Whether the users are able to use the software comfortably.

263
Q

What are the 5 images files types?

A 
BMP
GIF
SVG
PNG
JPG
264
Q

What is the colour depth of BMP

A

24 bits

265
Q

What is the file size of BMP

A

Large

266
Q

How many bits of uncompressed data per pixel is BMP?

A

24 bits of uncompressed data per pixel.

267
Q

Who uses BMP?

A

Professional photographers.

268
Q

Is GIF compressed or uncompressed?

A

Compressed

269
Q

How much bit colour depth does GIF have?

A

8 bits

270
Q

What is the file size of GIF?

A

Small

271
Q

What type of decompression is GIF?

A

Loseless

272
Q

What colour can GIF make?

A

Can make a singe colour transparent.

273
Q

What are GIF used for?

A

It is used for emotive reactions, memes and moving images as advertisement on websites.

274
Q

What file size is a PNG?

A

Low file size

275
Q

What type of decompression is PNG?

A

Loseless

276
Q

How many bit colour depth does PNG have?

A

32 bits

277
Q

Can PNG be compressed or decompressed?

A

Compressed

278
Q

What is the use of PNG images?

A

Complexed web images

279
Q

Is JPG compressed or decompressed?

A

Compressed

280
Q

What is the bit colour depth of JPG?

A

24 bit colour depth

281
Q

What file size does JPG have?

A

Small

282
Q

What type of compression is JPG?

A

Lossy

283
Q

Why does JPG have poorer quality?

A

As it can’t decompress back to the original state.

284
Q

Where is JPG used?

A

Web
Email
Cloud storage

285
Q

What 4 video types are there?

A

MP4
AVI
MKV
MOV

286
Q

What are 3 advantages of MP4?

A

Compatible wide variety of media players.
Very good for streaming.
High quality.

287
Q

What is disadvantage of MP4?

A

Limited compression

288
Q

What is an example of MP4?

A

Youtube

289
Q

What are 3 advantages of MOV?

A

Can convert to MP4 without recoding.
Very good for streaming over internet.
Good quality to file size.

290
Q

What are the 2 disadvantages of MOV?

A

Not good quality.

Compatibility is poor (Apple proprietary).

291
Q

What are advantages of AVI?

A

Highest quality output.
Large file size.
Widely compatible.

292
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of AVI?.

A

Limited compression features.
Poor for sharing online.
Not good for streaming.

293
Q

What 6 advantages are there for MKV?

A 
More flexible compression features
High quality videos
Can output ultra HD video
Good for streaming 
Good for compression
Greater CODEC compatibility
294
Q

What is a disadvantage for MKV?

A

Poor compatibility for media players.

295
Q

What is 3 word processing file type is there?

A

DOCX
DOC
RTF

296
Q

What is 3 spreadsheets file type?

A

XLSX
XLS
CSV

297
Q

What is 2 database file type?

A

ACCDB

MDB

298
Q

What is an open source software license?

A

Give users both permission to use the software and access to view and modify the source code.

299
Q

What is a proprietary software license?

A

Gives the end user permission to use the software but retains intellectual property right.

300
Q

What are 4 advantages of open source software?

A

It is simpler (Free to use)
Easy to modify (Source code available)
Fast update cycle (Software developed, maintained by large company to fix bugs)
Better compatibility

301
Q

What are 4 disadvantages of open source software?

A

Development can be abandoned (Author has no responsibility)
Maintaining updates can be difficult
No professional support
Can lead to malicious users

302
Q

What are 4 advantages of proprietary software?

A

Support for updates, patches, bug fixes
Updates are simpler to maintain and install
Software is well supported by the company
Greater usability (more time spent on the development)

303
Q

What are 4 disadvantages of proprietary software?

A

Licensing is more restrictive, complicated and are often expensive.
Source code is not available to be viewed and modified which mean software can’t be updated.
Relies on the developer for updates.
Uses proprietary standards.

304
Q

What are emerging technologies?

A

Technologies that are just starting to make an impact in the wider world.

305
Q

What are 3 examples of personal uses of emerging technologies?

A

Smartwatches
Smart speakers
Self driving cars

306
Q

What are 2 advantages of personal uses of emerging technologies?

A

Convenience

Accessibility

307
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of personal uses of emerging technologies?

A

Cost

Over reliance

308
Q

What are 3 examples of organisational uses of emerging technologies?

A 
Augmented reality (Superimposing a computer image on a real world view)
Internet of Things
3D printing
309
Q

What are 2 advantages of organisational uses of emerging technologies?

A

Productivity

Reduced errors

310
Q

What are 2 disadvantages of organisational uses of emerging technologies

A

Cost

Staff training

311
Q

What 10 factors affect the choice of IT system?

A 
User experience
User needs
Specifications 
Compatibility 
Connectivity
Cost
Efficiency
Implementation
Productivity
Security
312
Q

What is user needs?

A

What actual tasks the user wants to perform using the IT system.

313
Q

What is specification?

A

The list of components required of a computer system in order to allow users to run the software they need and perform their tasks.

314
Q

What is compatibility?

A

Whether the IT system can communicate with other devices you are using with it.

315
Q

What is connectivity?

A

How a device can connect to a network, such as a LAN or the internet.

316
Q

What is cost?

A

How much purchasing and running a device will cost you or your business.

317
Q

What is efficiency?

A

How effectively tasks can be completed by the digital technology with as little wastage of resources.

318
Q

What is implementation?

A

The time involved with putting a new system into effect.

319
Q

What is productivity?

A

How quickly tasks can be completed when making use an IT system.

320
Q

What is security?

A

How safe a device is from security threats, such as hackers and viruses.

321
Q

What 4 factors come under user experience?

A

Ease of use
Performance
Availability
Accessibility

322
Q

What is ease of use?

A

How simple and intuitive the device is to navigate and perform tasks on.

323
Q

What is performance?

A

How powerful the device is, such as processing, memory, graphics and storage.

324
Q

What is availability?

A

How often the device can be used, such as whether the device can be always on.

325
Q

What is accessibility?

A

How available the device is to be used by someone with a disability.

326
Q

What 3 factors come under implementation?

A

Timescales
Testing
Migration

327
Q

What is timescales?

A

The time it takes for the new system to be delivered.

328
Q

What is testing?

A

Ensuring the new system works correctly and our software is compatible and stable.

329
Q

What is migration?

A

The process of transferring data, software and files from the old system to the new one.

L3 BTEC IT - Unit1 (6 decks)

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