Topic B: Education, Communication, and Technology Flashcards
Spacial Relationships: Size of the ‘personal zone’
18”-4’ (when giving instructions or working closely)
Transtheoretical Stages of Change Model: Pre-contemplation
Unaware or not interested in making a change
Transtheoretical Stages of Change Model: Contemplation
Thinking about making a change
Transtheoretical Stages of Change Model: Preparation
Decides to change and plans the change
Transtheoretical Stages of Change Model: Action
Tries to make the change
Transtheoretical Stages of Change Model: Maintenance
Sustains the change for 6+ months
Positive reinforcement
Encourages repetition of a given behavior (ex- supervisor giving praise)
Avoidance learning
Learn to escape from unpleasant consequences (ex- improve future performance to avoid future criticism)
Extinction
Reduce undesired behavior; absence of reinforcement following undesired behaviors (ex - parent ignoring child when they throw a tantrum)
Health Belief Model
Explains why people (especially those at high risk) fail to participate in programs designed to detect or prevent disease
Innovators
Adopt an idea readily usually without input from others
Early adopters
Opinions leaders in community, well-respected
Early majority
Cautious in adopting new ideas
Late majority
Skeptical, adopt an idea only through peer pressure
Laggards
Last to adopt the idea
Counseling Techniques: Evaluative
BAD! Makes judgment about person’s feelings, or implies how he should feel.
- Leads to giving advice, not problem solving (seldom helpful)
Counseling Techniques: Hostile
BAD! Uncontrolled anger or frustration; may antagonize or humiliate client
Counseling Techniques: Reassuring
BAD! May make it difficult to solve the client’s problem or discuss it further.
- Suggests the problem does not exist, so the client is prevented from working through feelings
- Little attempt is made to understand the needs of the client
Counseling Techniques: Probing
GOOD! Attempt to clarify or gain more info as they recall details
- May encourage conversation
Counseling Techniques: Understanding
GOOD! Attempt to recreate the person’s message in your own frame of reference
- May lead to more client cooperation
- Helps client feel accepted and safe in expressing their feelings (one of the best ways to respond)
Summative Evaluations - When are they designed? Conducted?
Designed during the planning stage; conducted at end of the educational program
Principles of Motivational Interviewing
- Express empathy (suggests acceptance), compassion, evocation (summons feelings)
- Develop discrepancy: Identify where he is and where he wants to be
- Avoid arguments and confrontation
- Roll with resistance: Acknowledge reluctance to chance and ambivalence; offer new info or alternatives to consider
- Support self-efficacy: Reinforce hope and optimism
EHR
Electronic health record
EMR
Electronic Medical record
PHR
Personal Health Record
PCMH
Patient-centered medical home
PHI
Protected health information (by HIPPA)
In order to get governmental funding,…
An appropriate bill must be passed
What resource is most helpful to the general public for learning about what goes on in congress?
Federal register (published weekly): Notices of public hearings, proposed and final rules, agency decisions,
FTC
Federal Trade Commission:
- Regulates contents of food ads
- Enforces truth-in-labeling
- Challenges product claims when product crosses state lines
FDA
Food & Drug Administration:
- Ensures safety of some domestic and imported food products
FCC
Federal Communications Commission: Licenses radio and TV
