Topic 9 The Gas Exchange

Question 1

Trachea Features

Answer 1

Cartilage: O
Goblet Cells: O
Smooth muscle: O
Cillia: O
Site of Gas Exchange: X

Question 2

Bronchus features

Answer 2

Cartilage: O
Goblet Cells: O
Smooth muscle: O
Cillia: O
Site of Gas Exchange: X

Question 3

Bronchiole features

Answer 3

Cartilage: X
Goblet Cells: X
Smooth muscle: O
Cillia: O
Site of Gas Exchange: X

Question 4

Alveoli feature

Answer 4

Cartilage: X
Goblet Cells: X
Smooth muscle: X
Cillia: X
Site of Gas Exchange: O

Question 5

Function of Goblet cells

Answer 5

• secrete mucin (trap microorganisms)
• create a protective mucus layer

Question 6

Function of ciliated cells

Answer 6

• sweep the mucus filled with particulates and pathogens away from the lungs
• protect and clear the airway to prevent pathogens from entering the body (lungs)

Question 7

Function of mucus glands

Answer 7

• produce mucus
• trap particles in the air (that might damage the lung)

Question 8

Function of Cartilage

Answer 8

• support the larynx
• keeps airway open
• prevents collapsing or bursting

Question 9

Function of smooth muscle

Answer 9

• contracts and relaxes; regulating the flow of air in and out of the lungs
• Airway widen when muscle relaxes
• Airway constrict when muscle contracts

Question 10

Function of elastic fibre

Answer 10

• stretch and recoil
• stretch during inspiration (increase surface area of alveoli)
• recoil during expiration (helping to expel the air)