Topic 9- Seperste Chemistry 2 Flashcards
Flame photometry
- shows which ions are present in a substance
- accurate and fast
Alkanes
- part of the hydrocarbon homologous series
- Cn H2n+2
- saturated
Alkenes
- part of the hydrocarbon homologous series
- c=c bond
- unsaturated
- CnH2n
Polymers
Substances of high average relative molecular mass made by joint up lots of small repeating patterns (monomers)
Name 3 naturally occurring polymers
- DNA
- Amino acids
- Carbohydrates
Pros and cons to recycling polymers
\+reduces amount of waste in landfill \+reduces emissions of greenhouse gases \+reduces use of crude oil -separating is expensive and difficult -quality of product is reduced -can only be recycled a finite amount of times
Carboxylic acids
- when alcohols are oxidised they become carboxylic acids
- they then form a -COOH functional group
How is Ethanol produced?
- fermentation
- enzymes speed up the reaction
Fermentation
The process of using yeast to convert a type of carbohydrate called sugars into alcohol
Nano particles
-tiny particles bigger than atoms and simple molecules
Eg. Fullerenes
What are the effects of nanoparticles on your health?
Not fully understood
But if breathed in could cause a build up and cause lung inflammation
Properties of ceramics
Stiff
Brittle
Properties of clay
- soft
- when heated hard
Properties of glass
- transparent
- strong
- brittle
Properties of metals
- good at conducting electricity and heat
- high density
- malleable
How can fractional distillation be used to concentrate ethanol?
- ethanols has a lower boiling point than water
- heat up the solution
- ethanol goes through a liebig condenser
How can alcohols be used as fuels?
-when they’re burned they release energy
Properties and uses of polythene
- flexible
- electrical insulator
- cheap
- plastic bags, bottles, wire insulation
Properties and uses of polypropene
- flexible
- strong
- tough
- mouldable
- crates, furniture, ropes
Properties and uses of polychloroethene (PVC)
- tough
- cheap
- window frames, water pipes
Poly(tetrafluoroethene)
- unreactive
- tough
- non-stick
- non-stick pans, waterproof clothing
