Topic 8- Fuels And Earth Science

Question 1

Crude oil

Answer 1

• made of hydrocarbons
• creates lots of useful substances
• separated using fractional distillation

Question 2

What is bitumen used for?

Answer 2

-surface roads and roofs

Question 3

What is fuel oil used for?

Answer 3

• large ships

- power stations

Question 4

What is diesel oil used for?

Answer 4

• cars

- large vehicles

Question 5

What is kerosene (paraffin) used for?

Answer 5

-aircraft

Question 6

What is petrol used for?

Answer 6

-cars

Question 7

Fractional distillation

Answer 7

The process used to separate a substance into multiple products

Question 8

Hydrocarbons

Answer 8

• made of hydrogen and carbon

- longer hydrocarbons have stronger intermolecular bonds, higher melting points, harder to ignite and a higher viscosity

Question 9

Incomplete combustion

Answer 9

Combustion when there’s not enough oxygen available 
Produces 
•water 
•carbon dioxide 
•carbon monoxide 
•carbon (as soot)

Question 10

Effects of Sulphur dioxide

Answer 10

Acid rain

• kills plants and animals
• corrodes metal
• damages limestone buildings and stone statues

Question 11

Effects of Oxides of nitrogen

Answer 11

-contributes to acid rain
-causes photochemical smog
(Causes headaches, breathing difficulties and tiredness)

Question 12

Pros and cons for using hydrogen gas

Answer 12

+very clean
+only waste product is water (renewable)
-expensive
-difficult to store

Question 13

Cracking

Answer 13

Process of turning long saturated molecules (alkane) into a short unsaturated molecule (alkene)

Question 14

How do you test for oxygen?

Answer 14

Will relight a splint if oxygen is present

Question 15

Green house effect

Answer 15

Too many gases which prevent the infrared rays from leaving the atmosphere

Question 16

Explain phase 1 of the atmosphere

Answer 16

-

Question 17

Explain phase 2 of the atmosphere

Answer 17

-

Question 18

Explain phase 3 of the atmosphere

Answer 18

-