topic 9 - chemirsty of the atmosphere Flashcards
1
Q
phase one of the evolution of atmsophere
A
- lots of volcanic activity which released nitrogen, water vapour, methane and ammonia
- basically no oxygen
2
Q
phase 2 of the evolution of atmsophere
A
- water vapour condenses to form oceans
- carbon dioxide dissolved into oceans which reacted and formed sediments and seabeds
- green plants and algae appeared and did photosynthesis - animals
3
Q
how was crude oil formed
A
- deposits of plankton
4
Q
% of gases oin atmosphere today
A
- 80% nitrogen
- 20% oxygen
- 1>% other gases
5
Q
greenhouse gasses
A
- co2
- methane
- water vapour
6
Q
greenhouse effect
A
- short wave length radiation from sun goes through the atmosphere and hits earth.
- earth absorbs some but reflects most back out whihc then hits particles in the atmosphere and get remmitted in random directions
- this is what keeps our earth warm
7
Q
ways that greenhouse gasses have increased
A
- deforestation - less photosynthesis
- argriculture - more methane
- burning fossil fuels
8
Q
effects of climate change
A
- rise in sea levels - flooding
- changes in rainfall patterns
- increased frequency of tropical storms
- less biodiveristy
9
Q
how to reduce your carbon footprint
A
- renewable energy or nuclear (instead of fossil)
- more efficient processes in manufacturing.
- government tax companies or set laws
- carbon capture - stores carbon far underground
10
Q
what happens when there is incomplete combustion
A
not enough oxygen
- particulates of soot and carbon monoxie
11
Q
problems of particulate (soot)
A
- inhaled can get stuck in lungs and cause respiratory problems
- global dimming
12
Q
problems of carbon monoxide
A
- binds to haemoglobin in blood and reduces the amount of blood that gets around the body - DEATH
- no co,our or smell so hard to detect
13
Q
how is sulfur dioxide released
A
during combustion
14
Q
how are nitrogen oxides formed
A
- reaction between nitrogen and oxygen in the air cause by very high temps (happens inside car engines)
15
Q
whats the effect of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide mixing
A
- clouds of dilute sulfuric or nitric acid which falls as ACID RAIN
