topic 7 - end of topic

Question 1

functional group and formula for an alcohol

Answer 1

-OH
Cn H2n+1 OH

Question 2

first 4 alcohols and property

Answer 2

1. methanol
2. ethanol
3. propanol
4. butanol
   - soluble in water and neutral pH

Question 3

properties of alcohols

Answer 3

• flammable
• undergo complete combustion
• when oxidised with air they produce - carboxylic acid

Question 4

what are alcohols used for

Answer 4

• methanol and ethanol - solvents in industry bc they can dissolve substances water cannot
• first four used as fuels
• drinks

Question 5

fermenation

Answer 5

• sugar —(yeast)–> ethanol and carbon dioxide
• 37 degrees/ acidic solution/ anaerobic conditions (no oxygen)

Question 6

name ending and functional group for carboxylic acids

Answer 6

-COOH
anoic acid

Question 7

first 4 carboxylic acids

Answer 7

1. methanoic acid
2. ethanoic acid
3. propanoic acid
4. butanoic acid

Question 8

carboxylic acids reaction with carbonates - EXAMPLE WITH ETHANOL

Answer 8

ethanoic acid + sodium carbonate —> sodium ethanoate + water +CO2

Question 9

properties of carboxylic acids

Answer 9

• dissolve in water
• ionise when dissolved and releases H+ ions - makes solution acidic
• DONT FULLY IONOISE - weak acidic solution

Question 10

esters functional group

Answer 10

-COO-

Question 11

how are esters formed - equation

Answer 11

alcohol + carboxylic acid —acid catalyst—> ester + water

Question 12

how is ethyl ethanoate formed
ESTER EXAMPLE

Answer 12

ethanoic acid + ethanol —–acid catalyst—> ethyl ethanoate + water