Topic 9 Flashcards
What is a homologous series?
A group of chemicals that have similar chemical structures
What are alkanes?
A homologous series of hydrocarbons
Whats in a hydrocarbon?
Hydrogen and carbon
Whats the general formula of alkanes?
CnH2n +2
Whats the mnemonic for the first four start bits
My Ears Pop Badly
Meth Eth Prop But
What type of bonds do alkanes have?
Single bonds
What does saturated mean?
Contains only single bonds
What type of bonds do alkenes have?
Double carbon bonds
C=C
What is a functional group?
A group of atoms that determine how a molecule reacts
Whats the general formula of alkenes?
CnH2n
Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated and why
Unsaturated - they have double bonds that can open up to make more bonds
What are the first three alkenes
Ethene Propene Butene
Why does methene not exist
Has to be two carbons to create a double bond
How do you test for alkenes
Bromine water - when shaken together an alkene will decolourise bromine water
Goes from orange to colourless
Why does bromine water react with alkenes
An addition reaction takes place where bromine is added across the alkene double bond.
