Topic 8 - Exchange And Transport In Animals Flashcards
What is respiration?
A process that releases energy from the breakdown of amino acids
Why must respiration occur continuously in living cells?
Energy is required for many essential processes in living cells
What type of reaction is respiration?
An exothermic reaction that releases energy in the form of heat
Where do plants get the glucose required for respiration?
Photosynthesis
Where so animals get the glucose required for respiration?
From the breakdown of carbohydrates they have ingested
What are the two types of respiration?
Aerobic
Anerobic
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration in the presence of oxygen
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 - 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration that takes place without oxygen
When may anaerobic respiration take place in human cells?
During vigorous exercise
When may anaerobic respiration take place in plant cells?
If the soil becomes waterlogged
What is the word equation for anerobic respiration in muscle cells?
Glucose -> lactic acid (+energy)
Why may anaerobic respiration in muscle cells eventually stop?
Lactic acid build up inhibits anaerobic respiration
What are the symptoms of lactic acid build up?
Cramp, stitch and fatigue
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells
Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+energy)
Is aerobic or anaerobic respiration more efficient? Why?
Aerobic because it produces 20x more energy than anaerobic
What is the circulatory system?
Network of organs and vessels that enables the flow of blood and transport of different molecules around the body
What are the main components of blood?
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Plasma
What are red blood cells also known as?
Erythrocytes
What is the function of red blood cells?
Transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues
Transport carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs
How do red blood cells transport oxygen to body cells?
Haemoglobin binds to the oxygen so oxygen diffuses into cells
