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GeoChemistry > Topic 8 > Flashcards

Topic 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Occurs as a retrogressive (reverse) process where pyroxene/ augite alters to Hornblende often due to the influence of fluids at moderate temperatures.

a. Serpentinization
b. Biotitization
c. Saussuritization
d. Uralitization

A

d. Uralitization

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2
Q

Sapphire is typically a blue variety of what mineral?

a. Topaz
b. Beryl
c. Corundum
d. Quartz

A

c. Corundum

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3
Q

Ruby is a very distinctive variety of Corundum due to its pink to blood red appearance. Its color was mainly due to _______.

a. Iron
b. Vanadium
c. Chromium
d. Copper

A

c. Chromium

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4
Q

Where was the most rarest mineral on Earth found?

a. Mogol, Malaysia
b. Mogol, Myanmar
c. Mogok, Malaysia
d. Mogok, Myanmar

A

d. Mogok, Myanmar

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5
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the eight most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust?

a) Oxygen
b) Manganese
c) Magnesium
d) Potassium use

A

b) Manganese

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6
Q

Which of the following particles has a negative charge?

a) Proton
b) Neutron
c) Electron
d) Isotope

A

c) Electron

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7
Q

Which of the following best describes an anion?

a) An atom that has lost electrons and has a positive charge.
b) An atom that has gained electrons and has a negative charge.
c) An atom that has the same number of protons and neutrons.
d) An atom that has a different number of neutrons than its other isotopes.

A

b) An atom that has gained electrons and has a negative charge.

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8
Q

What is the difference between an anion and a cation?

a) Anions have gained electrons, while cations have lost electrons.
b) Anions have lost electrons, while cations have gained electrons.
c) Anions have more protons than neutrons, while cations have more neutrons than protons.
d) Anions have more neutrons than protons, while cations have more protons than neutrons.

A

a) Anions have gained electrons, while cations have lost electrons.

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9
Q

Supergene zones in order from top to bottom.

a. Gosan, Leached, Oxidized, Erosion, Primary
b. Gossan, Leached, Oxidized, Erosion, Primary
c. Gosan, Leached, Oxidized, Enriched, Primary
d. Gossan, Leached, Oxidized, Enriched, Primary

A

d. Gossan, Leached, Oxidized, Enriched, Primary

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10
Q

Iron-rich sedimentary rocks are composed of ______ iron.

a. < 15%
b. ≥ 15%
c. > 15%
d. ≤ 15%

A

c. > 15%

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11
Q

Perlite is the evidence of this process.

a. Laterization
b. Devitrification
c. Diagenesis
d. Lithification

A

b. Devitrification

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12
Q

Diagenesis is a process that takes place after deposition and before metamorphism. Includes ______, ______, and ______.

a. compaction, cementation, dissolution
b. compaction, contraction, solution
c. compaction, contraction, dissolution
d. compaction, cementation, solution.

A

a. compaction, cementation, dissolution

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13
Q

Which type of bonding is characterized by weak electrostatic forces holding sheets of covalently bonded atoms together?

a) Metallic Bonding
b) Van der Waals Bonding
c) Ionic Bonding
d) Covalent Bonding
d.) SiO2

A

b) Van der Waals Bonding

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14
Q

What simple copper carbonate is not known to exist in nature?

a.) Cu2CO3
b.) CuCO2
c.) CuCO3
d.) Cu2CO2

A

c.) CuCO3

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15
Q

A type of fumarole, the gases of which are characteristically sulfurous.

a.) Sulfattara
b.) Sulfatara
c.) Solfattara
d.) Solfatara

A

d.) Solfatara

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16
Q

This environment is vital for oil shale formation due to its high organic productivity and anoxic conditions that preserve and transform organic matter into kerogen

A

Swamps

17
Q

A thin layer of metal oxide that protects the material from corrosion, and other environmental hazards

A

Oxide coating

18
Q

It is a mechanical deformation along fault zones

A

Dynamic Metamorphism

19
Q

It is considered as the most rarest mineral on Earth

A

Kyawthuite

20
Q

Also known as “green sand.”

A

Glauconite

21
Q

Devitrification is derived from the Latin ______, meaning glassy and transparent

A

vitreus

22
Q

Laterite is derived from the Latin word “______” which means brick

A

later

23
Q

BIF is an acronym for ______.

A

Banded Iron Formations

24
Q

Chemical processes and reactions that govern the composition of rocks and soils

A

Geochemistry

25
Q

It is the smallest quantity of a compound

A

Molecule

26
Q

Minerals formed from gaseous to solid state

A

Sublimation Minerals

27
Q

Non-silicate minerals are made up __ of the Earth’s crust

A

5%

28
Q

Minerals that have economic value

A

Ore Minerals

29
Q

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) is being converted into Copper Sulphate (CuSO4) through what process?

A

Oxidation

30
Q

It is a famous exotic mineral due to its color changing properties depending on lighting

A

Alexandrite

GeoChemistry (7 decks)

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