Topic 11 Flashcards
It is the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the soil. Its value is actually a measure of
hydrogen ion concentration.
a. Soil pH
b. Soil fertility scale
c. Soil profile
d. Soil concentration meter
a. Soil pH
Forms when carbon dioxide (CO2) dissolves in water (H2O).
a. acid rain
b. carbonic acid
c. carbonates
d. citric acid
b. carbonic acid
What is the most abundant soil type in the Philippines?
a. oxisol
b. ultisol
c. alfisol
d. inceptisol
b. ultisol
Odd man out. Mineral stability to weathering.
a. calcite
b. hematite
c. quartz
d. goethite
a. calcite
A mineral biotite in silicate weathering, as it precipitates alkaline mineral K+ it becomes a secondary mineral ____ ?
a. amphibole
b. magnetite
c. vermiculite
d. magnesite
c. vermiculite
WHAT IS THE GRAIN SIZE OF GRANULES IN mm?
a. 2-4 mm
b. 4-64 mm
c. 0.06-0.25 mm
d. 0.5-5 mm
a. 2-4 mm
Is a mixture where tiny particles are suspended in a liquid but don’t settle out like sand in water.
a. Silt
b. Clay
c. Colloid
d. Sand
c. Colloid
What does “verto” in Latin means?
a. Leaf
b. Soil
c. Turn
d. Form
c. Turn
_______ minerals are formed from altering volcanic ash or other volcanic materials,
commonly found in soils, sediments, and rocks.
a. Illite
b. Smectite
c. Vermiculate
d. Boehmite
b. Smectite
______ a clay-like substance that’s mostly composed of aluminum magnesium silicate. This name comes from its use to remove dirt and oil from wool.
a. Gibbsite
b. Kaolin
c. K-Bentonite
d. Fuller’s Earth
d. Fuller’s Earth
Clay has a characteristics of.
a. Low Porosity, High Permeability
b. High Porosity, High Permeability
c. Highest Porosity, Lowest Permeability
d. Lowest Porosity, Highest Permeability
c. Highest Porosity, Lowest Permeability
Fine particles that retain water well but have poor drainage and aeration. Often plastic when wet.
a. Sand Soil
b. Silt Soil
c. Clay Soil
d. Loamy Soil
c. Clay Soil
Silt soil’s particle size in mm
a. >2.0
b. .05-2.0
c. .002-.05
d. <.002
c. .002-.05
It is by far, provide the most and the greatest variety of pigments in earth and soil.
a. K-minerals
b. Fe-minerals
c. Ca-minerals
d. Mg-minerals
b. Fe-minerals
It contains less humus, soluble minerals, and organic matter. It is a site of deposition of certain minerals and metal salts such as iron oxide.
a. E Horizon
b. B Horizon
c. A Horizon
d. C Horizon
b. B Horizon
Soils defined by their low pH levels, typically below 6.0, which indicates a higher
concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) relative to other cations
Acidic Soils
___is the biological conversion of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite or nitrate
Nitrification
Increasing soil acidity suggests more ___ ions concentration
Hydrogen
Soils that are characterized by the presence of carbonates
Alkaline soils
Extremely weathered tropical soils
Oxisols
are rock and mineral fragments broken down by weathering and erosion and transported by water, wind, or ice. These sediments settle in layers and, over
time, compact and cement to form clastic sedimentary rocks like sandstone, shale, and conglomerate.
CLASTIC SEDIMENTS
What is the name of the mineral having this structure?
(Picture)
KAOLINITE
What is the name of the clay mineral having this chemical formula, (Na,Ca) 0.33(Al,Mg) 2(Si4O 10)(OH) 2·nH 2O?
SMECTITE
It is composed mainly of Kaolinite.
CHINA CLAY
Most common type oy soil that is prone to swelling and shrinking?
VERTISOLS
Soils form through a natural process called ______, which involves the breakdown of rocks and organic materials over time
Pedogenesis
It occurs when soil particles attract atoms with a positive charge, e.g. Calcium (Ca²⁺),
Magnesium (Mg²⁺) and Potassium (K⁺)
Cation Exchange
It is the ability of soil to take in essentials like nutrients, water, and oxygen
Aeration
This allows us to identify soil using the percentage of clay, silt, and sand.
Soil Texture Triangle
It is formed from the weathering of the underlying parent rock and remains in place above the rock from which it originated
Residual Soils
