Topic 7.1 - : Ecoology Flashcards
Define habitat
the places where an organism lives
Define population
All of a particular species that live in a habitat
Define xommuntiry
All the populations of different species that live together in the same habitat
Define structural adaptation
the physical features that have changed
Define behavioural adaptations
The changes in the way an organism acts
Define Functional adaptations
Changes in the procesess that take place within an organism
What is an extremophile
Microorganisms that live in extreme environments
What type of organisms are extremophiles
Archaea and bacteria
What are transects used for
Transects are used to observe and record changes in species distribution across an area
Which process in the carbon cycle removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
photosynthesis
Which three processes in the carbon cycle release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere
- respiration
- combustion
- decomposition
Which carbon-containing compound do plants produce during photosynthesis
glucose
Which organisms decompose dead organic matter
funghi and bacteria
What are detitivores
small animals like woodlice or worms that feed on organic matter
What 3 factors effect the rate of decay
water levels
oxygen levels
temperatures
How is biogas produced
organic matter is left to decompose anearobicly meaning methane and a sludgy material is produced which can be burnt for energy
the sludge can be used as fertiliser
Give three reasons why maintaining high biodiversity is important
- medicines come from plants
- many species provide services for other animals/plants
- increases stability of ecosystem
What are two impacts of rapid growth in the human population
more resources being used
more waste is being produced
How do field margins and hedgerows in agriculture help increase biodiversity?
They provide extra habitats and food sources so that a wider range of species can survive
Which two of the following describe the soil of peat bogs
water logged and acidic
What are two methods of sustainable fishing
- using bigger fish net sizes to allow young/ smaller fish through
- introducing fish quotas to stop overfishing
Which protein-rich food that is suitable for vegetarians is produced from a fungus using biotechnology
mycoprotien
