Topic 7: Stimulus Control Flashcards

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1
Q

Antecedents

A

a stimulus or event that preceded the target behavior

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2
Q

Stimulus Control

A

the outcome of stimulus discrimination training

a particular behavior is more likely to occur in the presence of a particular discriminitive stimulus (the S^D) because the behavior has been reinforced only when the S^D was present

the S^D has stimulus control over the behavior

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3
Q

Stimulus Class

A

a group of stimuli that all have the same functional effect on a particular behavior

for example, each stimulus in a stimulus class may function as a discriminitive stimulus for a particular behavior

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4
Q

Discriminative Stimulus (S^D)

A

the stimulus that is present when a particular behavior is reinforced

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5
Q

Stimulus Discrimination Training

A

a process in which a behavior is reinforced when the discriminative stimulus (S^D) is present and is extinguished when the S-delta is present

as a result, the behavior is more likely to occur only when the S^D is present

also called discrimination training

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6
Q

S-Delta

A

a stimulus that is present when a behavior is not reinforced

in discrimination training, the behavior is reinforced if it occurs in the presence of the discriminative stimulus (S^D) but not in the presence of S-delta

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7
Q

Three-Term Contingency

A

the antecedent that is present when the behavior occurs, the behavior, and the reinforcing consequence

also called a contingency of a reinforcement

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8
Q

Generalization

A

a process in which the behavior occurs in the presence of antecedent stimuli that are similar in some way to the discriminative stimulus present when the behavior was reinforced

generalization is also defined as the occurrence of a target behavior in a non-training situation after training

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9
Q

What is the three-term contingency?

A

also known as the “ABCs” of behavior

in the presence of a particular antecedent cue or signal (a stimulus), a specific behavior will be followed by a certain consequence

antecedent –> behavior –> consequence

e.g. phone rings –> you answer it –> you get to talk to your boyfriend

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10
Q

What are antecedents?

A

include the stimuli, events, or situations that precede a behavioral response

these provide the context in which consequences may occur

all antecedents are stimuli

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11
Q

What are overt antecedents?

A

stimuli directly observable with your senses

e.g. you hear your phone ring –> you answer it

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12
Q

What are covert antecedents?

A

internal experiences; not open to observation by others

e.g. you feel hungry –> you get a snack

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13
Q

What are immediate antecedents?

A

occur right before (or overlap with) behavior

e.g. the fire alarm goes off –> leave the building

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14
Q

What are distant antecedents?

A

stimuli (often covert) that precede the behavior by a long time; also can affect behavior for a long time

medication effects, health status, history of abuse can influence current behavior

e.g. person abused by spouse –> avoids long-term relationships many years later

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15
Q

What is stimulus control?

A

is the extent to which an antecedent stimulus can influence performance of a specific behavior

when a stimulus exercises a high degree of stimulus control, the behavior is highly likely to occur in the presence of the cue

e.g. every time you hear your ring tone you grab your phone

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16
Q

What is stimulus class?

A

related stimuli that have the same effect on behavior

17
Q

What is stimulus discrimination training?

A

administering a certain consequence for a specific behavior when a particular stimulus is present, but not when another stimulus is present

in the presence of the discriminative stimulus (S^D), the behavior is reinforced

in the presence of any other antecedent stimulus (S-delta), the behavior is nor reinforced

18
Q

What is stimulus generalization?

A

occurs when a stimulus similar to the S^D also produces the behavior

19
Q

What is the generalization gradient?

A

stimuli most similar to the S^D produce the strongest response

20
Q

What is stimulus equivalence?

A

two or more different stimuli that can be used for the same purpose

e.g. the quantity four can be written as 4, four or IV