topic 7: HIRAC Flashcards
HIRAC
Hazard Identification, Risk
Assessment, and Control
is a method of identifying and ranking safeguards to protect workers from hazards. They are arranged from the most to least effective and include elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls and personal protective equipment.
Often, you’ll need to combine control methods to best protect workers. For example, a local exhaust system (an engineering control) requires training, periodic inspections, and preventive maintenance (administrative controls). You will also need to consider feasibility.
Hierarchy of controls
Heirarchy of Controls
- elimination,
- substitution,
- engineering controls,
- administrative controls and
- personal protective equipment
Type of Inspection (3)
- Continuous Inspection
- Periodic or Interval Inspection
- Intermittent Inspection
The process conducted as part of their job responsibilities in noting and correcting potential danger.
Continuous Inspection
An unscheduled inspection that may be needed to find and correct unsafe conditions
Intermittent Inspection
A systematic process with specific intervals and widely regarded as real safety and health inspection.
Periodic or Interval Inspection
Periodic or Interval Inspection (2)
Regular Inspection
General Inspection
conducted for a specific
area or equipment
Regular Inspection
planned walk-through of an entire area including placed usually not inspected.
General Inspection
Purpose of Safety and Health Inspection (6)
- Eliminate or Control Hazards
- Establish Accountability
- Identify training needs
- Assess the effectiveness of the OSH Program
- Fulfill legal obligations
- Display Visible Management Commitment to OSH
Qualification of a Good Inspector (5)
- EXPERTISE
- ABILITY
- CAPACITY FOR IDEAS
- SELF ANALYSIS
- EXPERIENCE
Specialize in workplace safety to analyze risk factors, educate workers about safety. and inspect worksites for health and safety hazards.
EXPERTISE
Using reasoning to discover answers to OSH problems
ABILITY
Has the ability to think original, unusual, or creative ways to solve
the problem
CAPACITY FOR IDEAS
Understand new information by studying and working with them
SELF ANALYSIS
Practical contact with observation of facts or events.
EXPERIENCE
Elements of Effective Inspection (5)
- Prepare for Inspection
- Perform Inspections
- Evaluate your findings
- Develop remedial actions
- Take follow-up action
Gather all necessary documents, such as previous inspection reports, safety guidelines, and checklists. Clearly define the scope and objectives of the inspection to ensure that the process is thorough and organized.
Prepare for Inspection
Conduct a detailed on-site examination, focusing on safety, compliance, and operational standards. Take accurate notes, photos, and measurements, ensuring that all areas and equipment are evaluated.
Perform Inspections
TYPES OF CHECKLISTS:
- QUANTITATIVE
- QUALITATIVE
Uses measurable criteria for objective
assessment.
Example: Ensuring concrete thickness is exactly 15 cm.
Quantitative
Checklist:
Focuses on subjective evaluations and quality observations. Example: Checking if paintwork appears smooth and
consistent.
Qualitative Checklist:
- Carefully review and analyze the data collected during the inspection to identify any potential hazards or non-compliance issues. Assess the severity and potential impact of each finding to prioritize corrective actions. Refer to the applicable standards and references
- Weigh various control alternatives
- Determine the cost of control
- Justify the recommended control if major expenditures are involved.
Evaluate your findings
A document or specification developed by a recognized standard-setting organization.
Standards are often more detailed and
specific than codes, and provide the “how to” of executing codes. Standards are best practices, but can be legally enforceable when referenced by codes.
STANDARDS
A set of rules that are generally accepted
guidelines for an industry to follow.
Codes are mandatory and legally
enforceable, and failure to comply can
result in penalties or restrictions. Codes
are created for the purpose of safety,
quality, or other benefits
CODES
CODES
- Fire Code of the Philippines
- Philippine Electrical Code
- National Building Code
- National Structural Code of the Philippines
(An Act Strengthening Compliance with
Occupational Safety and Health Standards and Providing
Penalties for Violations Thereof)
RA 11058
(Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)
of Republic Act No. 11058)
DO 198-2018
Create a plan to address and rectify any problems discovered, including assigning
responsibilities and setting deadlines. Ensure that corrective measures are practical,
effective, and comply with relevant safety standards and regulations.
Develop remedial actions
Communicating Inspection Results
- Discuss them at safety meetings
- Post the complete checklists
- Post the maintenance requests
SMART
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time-bound
Monitor the progress of the remedial actions and confirm that they have been properly
implemented. Conduct a re-inspection if necessary to verify that the issues have been
resolved and that safety and compliance standards are met.
Take follow-up action
HIRAC stands for () which is a
process for managing hazards in a work environment. It’s a fundamental part of ensuring a safe workplace and is the basis for modern health and safety legislation.
HIRAC involves: Identifying hazards, Assessing and controlling risks, Reporting
hazards and resolving issues, and Managing the OHS aspects of workplace change.
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Control,
When to create HIRAC?
Every activity/ task should have a corresponding HIRAC, prioritizing the following considerations:
1. HIgh Frequency of accidents
2. increase occurrence of near-misses
3. history of serious accident/ fatalities
4. potential for serious harm
5. new jobs or new equipment
6. changes in procedures or standards
5 Steps to Risk Assessment
- Identify the hazards
- Decide who might be harmed and how
- Evaluate the risks and decide on precaution
- Record your significant findings
- Review your assessment and update it if necessary
Something that
has a potential
harm or injury
SAFETY HAZARD
Something that has
a potential to
cause illness or or
ill health
HEALTH HAZARD
How are Risk Ranked or Prioritized?
low (1-unlikely)
medium (2-likely)
high (3-very likely)
