topic 6: heavy equipment Flashcards
() refers to large, powerful machines used in construction and earthmoving tasks.
Heavy equipment
An (), defined simply, is an engineering marvel designed for digging, demolition, and earth-moving tasks. It’s characterized by its long boom, the digging bucket attached at the end, and the cab atop a
rotating platform (the house), which sits on an undercarriage with tracks or wheels.
excavator
What are excavators used for?
Construction, Demolition, Material Handling, Mining, Forestry, Landscaping, Disaster Cleanup, Dredging,
Road Construction
() can walk on water!
Excavators
Special amphibious excavators are designed to operate in swamps, lakes, and wetlands. They have pontoons or extended tracks that allow them to float and maneuver in waterlogged environments without sinking, making them crucial for dredging and wetland restoration projects
A (), commonly referred to as a dozer , is a heavy equipment machine that is seen frequently in large
and small-scale construction projects, road building, mining, quarrying, farming, heavy industry factories ,
and even occasionally military applications. Dozers are equipped with a metal blade mounted to the front that is designed for pushing material and are typically seen on continuous tracks.
bulldozer
A () is an earthmoving machine designed to push large quantities of rubble, soil, sand and other
loose materials. They were originally used by farmers as tractors to plow and clear land. Over time, they
have evolved to accommodate a variety of environments and applications with high levels of efficiency
bulldozer
The word “()” originally referred to a large dose or powerful person and was later used to describe machines that were used to push over trees and structures. It’s derived from the combination of “bull” for power and “doze” for the action of pushing.
bulldozer
type of dozers (3)
- CRAWLER BULLDOZER
- WHEEL BULLDOZER
- MINI BULLDOZER
type of dozers
Also known as a track bulldozer , crawlers feature a heavy plate used to load and push hefty objects. They are ideal for maneuvering over uneven surfaces and hauling heavy materials, and they work well in
applications with challenging terrain
CRAWLER BULLDOZER
type of dozers
Larger and more maneuverable than crawlers , () operate on a smaller axis and feature tires
for better handling.
WHEEL BULLDOZER
type of dozers
Also known as a compact dozer , () are smaller size and offer greater speed, maneuverability and versatility. They are ideal for maneuvering in tight spaces and performing quick work.
mini dozers
A () is a type of machine used to lift and move heavy objects. It is equipped with a hoist or a winch,
ropes or chains, and sheaves, and can be stationary or mobile. () are commonly used in construction,
manufacturing, shipping, and other industries
crane
type of crane
Used in tall building construction, () are fixed to the ground and have a vertical mast
tower cranes
type of cranes (4)
- TOWER CRANE
- MOBILE CRANE
- OVERHEAD CRANE
- CRAWLER CRANE
type of crane
These cranes are mounted on wheels or tracks and can be easily moved around a job site
MOBILE CRANE
type of crane
Also known as bridge cranes, they are used in factories and warehouses to move heavy materials horizontally
along a track
OVERHEAD CRANE
type of crane
Equipped with tracks for stability, () are used in rough terrains and can lift extremely heavy loads
crawler cranes
A (), also known as a front-end loader or bucket loader, is a heavy equipment machine used in
construction to move or load materials onto other machinery, trucks, or stockpiles. It consists of a large bucket mounted on the front of the vehicle, which can be raised or lowered by hydraulic arms.
loader
type of loaders (4)
- SKID STEER LOADERS
- WHEEL LOADERS
- COMPACT TRACK LOADERS
- TRACK LOADERS
type of loader
() excel in confined spaces, such as urban construction sites or indoor environments, thanks to their exceptional maneuverability
Skid steer loaders
type of loader
() are widely used in construction, mining,
and agriculture. They excel in tasks such as loading and transporting loose materials, such as soil, gravel, and sand
Wheel loaders
type of loader
() are commonly utilized in landscaping, construction, and forestry projects where low ground disturbance and improved flotation are required
Compact track loaders
type of loader
() are commonly used in mining, quarrying, and land clearing operations. Their robust design and
powerful lifting capacity make them suitable for handling large quantities of material
Track loaders
A (), also known as a motor grader, is a piece of heavy machinery used primarily in the construction and maintenance of roads to create a smooth, flat surface
road grader
type of graders (5)
- LARGE MOTOR GRADERS
- MEDIUM MOTOR GRADERS
- SMALL GRADERS
- RIGID FRAMEMOTOR GRADER
- ARTICULATED FRAME MOTOR GRADER
type of grader
() units are also called heavy motor
graders. These are for large-scale projects such as mining and constructing large residential complexes, residential buildings like condominiums, and commercial buildings
Large motor grader
type of grader
() have longer blades and larger
wheels. These are commonly used for public works such as streets, highways, and roads. They can also be used for large construction sites and hard-packed locations that need more power than a small grader.
Medium motor graders
type of grader
() have the least power, with units
offering 120 to 190 HP. They also have the shortest blade compared to the other grader types. These are
enough for small-scale projects that don’t require extremely high power or more extensive reach
Small road graders
type of grader
These units are used for everyday grading tasks, most popular in farming and construction. It has four wheels affixed to the frame, with two on either side. The blade is hinged onto the frame and, unlike the typical grader, swings back and forth depending on the entire grader’s movements. Instead of the steering wheels being at the front of the grader, the operator uses the push bar at the back to steer.
RIGID FRAME
MOTOR GRADER
type of grader
() are used for large-scale
projects. Each unit has two wheels larger than the others and attached to their own steering wheel. The
blade’s angle is guided using the steering wheel when in operation
Articulated frame graders
A () is a vehicle that unloads cargo by hydraulic or mechanical lifting. Also known as the tipper
truck. It consists of a car chassis, a hydraulic lifting mechanism, a cargo compartment and a power take
off device
dump truck
- Only trained and certified personnel should operate heavy equipment.
- These machines require strict safety protocols to avoid accidents.
dumptruck
