Topic 7 further anatomy

Question 1

Functions of skin (PRESS)

Answer 1

Protection: from impact and UV
Regulation of temp: Hair,vasodilation(get red/hot)
Excretion: sebaceous gland secrtes sebum, water urea
Sensation: nerves for pain, pressure, temp
Synthesis: vitamin D production

Question 1

State the layers of the skin and their functions (3)

Answer 1

Epidermis: Outermost layer of skin, acts as a barrier and protects
dermis: innner layer which contains structures like blood vessels
glands: structure which produces (sweat or oil)
fat: serves as an insultor to maintain heat

Question 2

Draw and label the principal structures of the brain

Answer 2

Top: is cerebrum
back botom: cerebellum
middle:diecephalon
Bottom:brain stem

Question 3

functions Cerebrum (3)

Answer 3

sensory:receiving sensory impulse
association: interpreting, intiating respons
motor: transmiting impulses to effectors

Question 4

Diencephalon (6)

Answer 4

• relays information between different parts of the brain
• split into two: hypo + thalamus
• thalamus helps with the perception of senses
• Regulation of sleep by suppressings sensory information which may wake up an individual
• Hypothalamus maintains homeostasis
• regulates pituitary gland to release hormones like HGH
• controls HR + breathing - autonomic nervous system

Question 5

Function of cerebellum and parietal lobe in a gymnastic routine (5)

Answer 5

cerebellum:
- evaluates movements initiated by the cerebrum
-smooth and coordinated contractions
-regulates posture and balance
Parietal:
- determine orientation of one body part to another
- determine shape of an object without looking at it
-storage of past experiences

Question 6

Two functions of frontal lobe

Answer 6

decision making
planning solving
motivation

Question 7

Two functions of temporal

Answer 7

Auditory sensory
involved with long-term memory

Question 7

Outline two arteries which blood travels from the Aorta trunk to the blood brain barrier

Answer 7

A- aorta trunk
B- Brachiochephalic trunk
C- carotid artery
v- verterbral arteries

Question 8

Which process is the principal provider of energy in the brain?

Answer 8

aerobic respiration

Question 9

Describe the need for glucose and oxygen by the brain (3)

Answer 9

• glucose and oxygen are used to make atp
• glucose storage in the brain is limited
• if there isn’t enough glucose, may feel dizy

Question 10

describe the process of energy production and supply to brain cells (4)

Answer 10

-Glucose is the main fuel source of the brain
- glucose diffuses through blood brain barrier to reach brain
- This process is aerobic
- Glucose storage in the brain is limited there glucose must be supplied continuous;y

Question 11

function of the brain barrier

Answer 11

Protective layer between blood and brain (protect brain)
Barrier to block: bacteria, fungi, pathogens
Only water and certain gases + glucose are allowed through