Topic 7 Flashcards
Who/ what was the Puritans?
They were a minority group of extremist Protestants
Most gentry, some nobles
Examples are Robert Dudley (more nonchalant) and Francis Walsingham (who was stricter)
What beliefs did the Puritans have?
They were extreme Protestant
They wanted equality in Church- e.g. no bishops and no heirachy in Churches
Inspired by the beliefs of Martin Luther and the more extreme John Calvin
Believed the Religious Settlement was incomplete
Wanted to remove all elements of Catholicism
What were the beliefs of Puritans?
Plain churches
Simple Church services, no music
Simple and plain clothes
Preachers to wear plain, black gowns
What were Puritans opposed to?
Paintings, statues, stained glass windows, colourful altar cloths, organs (the instruments)
Sunday wasn’t for sports or games
No drunkeness, gambling or swearing
No enjoyment- no dancing, drinking or visiting theatres
Didn’t agree with the Church- it was too Catholic
Bowing when the Elizabethan name of Jesus was said
Kneeling to receive communion
Giving a ring during the marriage ceremony
Marking of the sign of cross during baptism
Celebration of saints’ days
What were the three types of Puritans?
Moderate Puritans
Presbyterians
Separatists
What did moderate puritans believe in?
Accepted the religious settlement, but wanted a further reform to “purify” the Church (e.g. no vestamonts, stained glass windows)
What did Presbyterians believe in?
Wanted further reform. Simple services and each church to be run by an elected committee of Presbyters
What did the separatists believe in?
Most radical Puritans group. Wanted to be independent and run it’s affairs without the interference of the Queen’s government
What are prophesyings?
A meeting of Puritans that intended to ‘improve’ clergies and pray and read sermons
Who was Grindal, what did Elizabeth order him to do, what did he do and how did Elizabeth react?
Archbishop of Canterbury
Ban prophesyings
He was sympathetic and refused to publicly denounce the prophesyings
Elizabeth placed him under house arrest and his position was suspended (she couldn’t kill him)
What did John Whitgift do to the Presbyterian church?
Also a member of the Privy Council
No sympathy for Puritan beliefs (especially Presbyterians)
He issued 3 articles- Acceptance of bishops, acceptance of everything included in the Book of Common Prayers, acceptance of the thirty nine articles
What was the aim of the separatists?
To leave the Church and set up their own puritan church
Who was Robert Browne, what did he do and how was he punished?
He was the main leader of the separatist movement, and set up a separatist congregation in Norwich
He was imprisoned and upon release, he emigrated to Holland
What are three other leaders of the separatists?
Henry Barrow
John Copping
John Greenwood
How did the government react to the production of the Marprelate Tracts?
Linked Puritanism to separatism- linked to treason.
Those who were suspected of being separatists were executed
How did the Act against Seditious (writing/ saying malicious aimed to undermine authority) Sectaries end the separatist movement?
Henry Barrow, John Greenwood along with John Penry were arrested and executed- this ended the separatist movement
:) ignore this
