Topic 6 Food Allergies & Intolerances Flashcards
What is an enzyme?
A protein that accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction
Required for all metabolic reactions
A lack of Vitamins & minerals micronutrients can lead to disabling conditions such as?
Osteoporosis
Anemia
Scurvy
Ntd
What is a coenzyme?
A molecule that combines with an enzyme to facilitate enzyme function
Some metabolic reactions require coenzymes
What are 3 major minerals that are needed >5g
Calcium
Sodium
Iron
What are NPN or DIN-HM on product labels?
Natural product number
What is a food allergy?
Reaction of the body’s immune system to specific proteins in a food that cause a sensitivity
Even the smallest portion can cause a reaction
What is a food intolerance?
A food sensitivity that doesn’t involve the individuals immune system.
Lactose intolerance
What is chemical sensitivity?
An adverse reactors chemicals that occur naturally or added to foods
Caffeine, small amounts can cause reactions
What are food aversions?
An intense dislike of food. Resulting from an illness or negative experience associated w/ that food
What is an allergic reaction?
Food protein is mistakenly identified by the immune system as being harmful
1st exposure the body’s immune system responds by creating antibodies
2nd antibodies & chemicals such as histamine are released
What is histamine?
Powerful chemical that can cause a reaction in the respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, skin or cardiovascular system
In most extreme cases this immune response can be fatal
Symptoms of respiratory are?
Runny nose, congestion, sneezing, breathing difficulty, wheezing, tearing eyes
Skin symptoms are?
Hives, skin rash, flushing of the skin
Gastrointestinal symptoms are?
Nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, usually w/ cramping
Other symptoms that can happen are?
Swelling of mouth throat
Headache
Anaphylactic shock
What are 3 types of symptoms to allergic reactions?
Respiratory symptoms
Skin symptoms
Gastrointestinal symptoms
What are common allergies?
Peanuts Tree nuts Sesame seeds Soy Milk Eggs Fish crustaceans and shellfish Wheat contains gluten Sulphites
What are tree nuts?
Almonds Brazil nuts Hazelnuts Macadamia nuts Pecans Pistachio Walnuts
What is a wheat allergy?
When the immune system reacts abnormally to proteins found only in wheat
What is celiac disease?
Disorder that triggers immune reactions to the gluten found in wheat
Including kumut and spelt barley rye triticale and oats
What happens when gluten is ingested?
Immune system responds by damaging or destroying villi in intestines
What are villi?
Small things in your intestine that absorb nutrients through the walls of the intestine into bloodstream
W/o healthy villi a person becomes malnourished no matter how much food one eats
Symptoms in children w/ celiac disease are?
Generally digestive symptoms
