topic 6

Question 1

explanation for why metals prefer certain ligands

Answer 1

hard + soft acids and bases

Question 2

what is a lewis acid

Answer 2

accepts e- in order to form an adduct

METALS

Question 3

what is a lewis base

Answer 3

donates e- in order to form an adduct

LIGANDS

Question 4

describe a hard metal

Answer 4

a metal with a high positive charge

Question 5

describe a hard ligands

Answer 5

small electronegative donor atoms o,n,f

Question 6

bonding between hard metals and hard ligands

Answer 6

more electrostatic
more ionic bonding

Question 7

soft metal

Answer 7

lower charge
larger size
more polarisable

Question 8

soft ligand

Answer 8

large
polarisable donor atoms

Question 9

bonding between soft metals and ligands

Answer 9

covalent character

Question 10

trend across the first row of d block

Answer 10

from hard to soft metals

Question 11

how does atomic number effect hydration energy

Answer 11

higher atomic number meanslower hydration energy

Question 12

equation

Answer 12

Z^2/r

Question 13

how does CFSE effect hydration energy of d block elements

Answer 13

it increases the hydration energy

Question 14

metal ions that are smaller than their expected size have e- where???

Answer 14

e- in the t2g subset
these are weaker at repelling
making the ion smaller

Question 15

what is a stability constant

Answer 15

constant thats value shows how stable smt is

Question 16

the higher the stability constant B

Answer 16

the more stable the metal

Question 17

M + nL -> <- intoo

Answer 17

MLn

Question 18

B, stability constant is equal to ( equilibrium expression)

Answer 18

[MLn] / [M][L] ^n

Question 19

how does CN effect a complex

Answer 19

increases the complex’ stability

Question 20

irving williams series + stability constant following the sequence of IW when any ligand is used

Answer 20

Mn(||) <
Fe(||) <
CO(||). <
Ni(||). <
Cu(||) <
> Zn(||)

increasing stability

Question 21

whats a chelate ligand

Answer 21

ligand with more than one donor site

binds to one metal with multiple donor sites at once

en

nh2-ch2-ch2-nh2

Question 22

which ligands form more stable complex’

Answer 22

chelating ligands form more stable complexes than monodentate ligands

Question 23

mono dentate ligands form complexes that

Answer 23

are not rlly stable

Question 24

bi and multidentate ligands form complexes thatttt

Answer 24

are more stable then complexes with only monodentate ligands

Question 25

chelate effect

Answer 25

driven by entropy
entropy increases
increase in entropy = wanted

Question 26

ligand with 6 water + 3en turns into

Answer 26

ligand with 3 en + 6h2o

from 4 total things to 7 total things : increase in entropy bc increase in disorder

Question 27

change in gibbs in standard condition issss

Answer 27

-RT ln( B)

B is the stability constant

Question 28

what is B

Answer 28

stability constant

Question 29

hard metals have a xxx ocidation state

Answer 29

higher
C N O F

Question 30

soft metals have a xxx oxidation state

Answer 30

lower
As Se P S