Topic 5 - Theorists and Role of the Family Flashcards
1
Q
Sociological perspectives - The functions of the family
A
- Functionalism - consensus perspective
- Marxism - class conflict perspective
- Feminism - gender conflict perspective
- The Personal Life Perspective
2
Q
What is a value consensus
A
- Functionalists
- Shared set of norms and values
3
Q
Organic analogy
A
- Functionalists
- Body is made up of different interconnected organs, representing the different institutions of society, e.g., the family
4
Q
4 essential functions to meet the needs of society and its members
A
- MURDOCK
1. Stable satisfaction of the sex drive
2. Reproduction of the next generation
3. Socialisation of the young
4. Meeting its members economic needs
5
Q
Stable satisfaction of the sex drive
A
- With the same partner preventing social disruption caused by sexual free-for-all
6
Q
Reproduction of the next generation
A
- Society needs this to be able to continue
7
Q
Socialisation of the young
A
- Into societies shares norms and values
8
Q
Meeting its members economic means
A
- Examples include food and shelter
- Breadwinner providing for his family
9
Q
A03 Functionalist views
A
- Other institutions and family types can perform the above functions (MURDOCK agrees but says the nuclear family is the best to do it)
- Feminists: family oppresses women
- Marxists: family meets the needs of capitalism not its members
10
Q
Functional fit theory
A
- PARSONS
- Functions a family performs will depend on the society in which it is found
- Shape or structure of the family depends on the functions it has to perform.
- Nuclear family: parents and dependent children
- Extended family: three generations living under one roof = needed to be a self-sufficient unit of production and consumption
11
Q
Industrialisation
A
- Britain 18th century: extended family gave way to nuclear family
- Emerging industrial society has different needs which the extended family could not meet: geographically mobile workforce, socially mobile workforce
12
Q
Geographically mobile workforce
A
- PARSONS nuclear family is more compact and easier to move than an extended family
- Pre-industrial society = people spent their whole lives in the same village
- Modern industrial society = constantly moving to different parts of the world for work (globalisation)
13
Q
Socially mobile workforce
A
- Modern industrial society constantly evolving and needs a skilled workforce = talented people win promotion
- Status achieved through effort, rather than it being fixed = social mobility, e.g., the son of a labourer may become a doctor
- PARSONS = nuclear family better than extended family as the son living at home and the father having a higher ascribed status, creates conflict in the work place
- Solution = adult son leaves home and creates nuclear family, structurally isolated from its kin
14
Q
A03 PARSONS
A
- LASLETT argues in pre-industrial society late childbearing age and short life expectancy meant that grandparents were unlikely to be alive afther the birth of their grandchildren = more like a nuclear family
- ANDERSON = extended family offered support financially and with childcare in the mid 19th century
15
Q
Loss of functions
A
- PARSONS
- When society changed to industrial, the family changed it function
- E.g., no longer to be a unit of production as work moved into other institutions e.g., schools and health service