Topic 5: Organotrophy

Question 1

Glycolysis occurs in the…

Answer 1

Cytosol

Question 2

In the reduction of NAD+ to NADH, the molecule will…

Answer 2

Gain 2 electrons and 1 protons

Question 3

Which of the following molecules would NOT be considered a product of glycolysis?
ADP, ATP, NAD+, NADH, or Pyruvate?

Answer 3

NAD+

Question 4

What is the purpose of lactic acid fermentation?

Answer 4

To allow glycolysis to continue in the absence of oxygen

Question 5

Dough rising when baking is due to…

Answer 5

Carbon dioxide production during ethanol fermentation by the yeast

Question 6

The term for the release of CO2 during pyruvate oxidation is….

Answer 6

decarboxylation

Question 7

After the completion of the citric acid (Krebs) cycle, most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecules is in…

Answer 7

NADH

Question 8

Describe the flow of electrons through Complex 2

Answer 8

FADH2 -> Complex 2 -> UQ

Question 9

Proton Motive Force is…

Answer 9

A ratio of protons on one side of a membrane to the other side

Question 10

Why does chemiosmosis involve?

Answer 10

A proton gradient across a membrane that drives ATP Synthesis

Question 11

The part of the ATP Synthase that is responsible for phosphorylating ADP is…

Answer 11

The F1 part of the enzyme

Question 12

A chemolithotroph would be able to use which of the following molecules as an electron donor to the electron transport chain?
SO4 (2-)
NO3 -
H2S
NADH

Answer 12

H2S

Question 13

Why is glucose a good source of free energy?

Answer 13

Combusts and burns in the presence of oxygen because of C-C and C-H bonds (high energy)

Question 14

What is the best electron acceptor, and why?

Answer 14

Oxygen! Because of its high electronegativity

Question 15

Where does Pyruvate oxidation occur?

Answer 15

Cytology, then Matrix

Question 16

What is the end product of glycolysis?

Answer 16

Pyruvate

Question 17

Which part of cellular respiration produces ATP through oxidation phosphorylation?

Answer 17

Oxidative phosphorylation/chemiosmosis

Question 18

What happens to NAD+ during glycolysis?

Answer 18

It becomes reduced to NADH

Question 19

Which two types of facilitated transport are present in pyruvate oxidation?

Answer 19

Secondary active symport and facilitated transport

Question 20

How many molecules of CO2 are released per molecule of Acetyl CoA used?

Answer 20

2

Question 21

Which of the complex proteins does NOT have any involvement with pumping protons?

Answer 21

Complex 2

Question 22

What is the purpose of Ubiquinone?

Answer 22

A hydrophobic electron taxi. Complex 1 to 3, Complex 2 to 3

Question 23

What is the purpose of Cytochrome C?

Answer 23

A hydrophilic electron taxi. Complex 3 to 4

Question 24

What role does Ubiquinone play in the Proton Motor Force?

Answer 24

Shuttles H+ from the matrix to the IMS, against their concentration gradient

Question 25

Which part is most efficient in synthesizing ATP?

Answer 25

Chemiosmosis

Question 26

On average, how much ATP is produced throughout the entire process (1 mol Glucose)

Answer 26

32 ATP

Question 27

Describe the 2 components of ATP Synthase

Answer 27

F0, which brings ions across the membrane. F1, which synthesizes ADP

Question 28

What is the polymer form of glucose for storage in a) plants and b) animals

Answer 28

a) starch b) glycogen

Question 29

Fatty acids are the polymer form of what molecule for long term storage?

Answer 29

Acetyl CoA

Question 30

Anaerobic respiration occurs in...

Answer 30

Prokaryotes

Question 31

Where does aerobic respiration occur in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 31

In the cytosol and on the cell membrane

Question 32

What are is a possible final electron acceptor in the case of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 32

SO4 (2-) NO3-

Question 33

What parts of cellular respiration does chemolithotrophy require?

Answer 33

ETC and oxidation phosphorylation

Question 34

What has the weakest PMF?

Answer 34

Chemolithotrophy (shitty electron donor)

Question 35

What has the strongest PMF?

Answer 35

Aerobic respiration

Question 36

How is PMF strength quantified?

Answer 36

ATP produced per electron donor

Question 37

When a cell produces ethanol from pyruvate, which of the following molecules is not a direct reactant or product? CO2 Pyruvate NAD+ Acetyl CoA None of the above

Answer 37

Acetyl CoA

Question 38

In the Krebs cycle, ATP molecules are produced by...

Answer 38

Substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 39

In eukaryotic cells, where are the proteins of the electron transport chain located?

Answer 39

Mitochondrial Outer membrane????