Topic 5- Health, diseases and the development of medicine

Question 1

What is health?

Answer 1

Complete physical, mental and social wellbeing

Question 2

What is communicable disease?

Answer 2

Disease that is infectious and can be passed person to person

Question 3

What is an uncommunicable disease?

Answer 3

Disease that is not infectious and can’t be passed from person to person
- Hereditary, environmental, behaviour

Question 4

Why can the presence of one disease
cause higher susceptibility to another?

Answer 4

• Weakens the immune system and is therefore easier for a new infection to become more serious.

Question 5

What is a pathogen?

Answer 5

A

Question 6

Which diseases are caused of bacteria?

Answer 6

Tuberculosis, Helicobacter, Cholera

Question 7

Which diseases are caused by protists?

Answer 7

Malaria

Question 8

Which diseases are caused by fungi?

Answer 8

Chalara Ash dieback

Question 9

Which diseases are caused virus?

Answer 9

HIV, Ebola

Question 10

What are the effects of Malaria?

Answer 10

-Blood and liver damage

Question 11

What are the effects of Cholera?

Answer 11

• Diarrhoea, causes severe dehydration

Question 12

What are the effects of Tuberculosis?

Answer 12

• Lung damage

Question 13

What are the effects of HIV?

Answer 13

• White blood cell damage
• Leads to AIDS

Question 14

What are the effects of Chalara ash dieback

Answer 14

• Dying leaves
• Bark lesions

Question 15

What are the effects of Eboli?

Answer 15

• Haemorrhagic fever

Question 16

What are the effects of Helicobacter?

Answer 16

• Stomach ulcers

Question 17

Which diseases are airborn?

Answer 17

Chalara ash dieback, tuberculosis

Question 18

Which diseases are waterborn?

Answer 18

Cholera

Question 19

Which are transmitted orally?

Answer 19

Helicobacter

Question 20

Which diseases are transmitted through bodily fluids?

Answer 20

Ebola

Question 21

Which diseases are caused by animal vectors?

Answer 21

Malaria by mosquitos

Question 22

What is the Lytic cycle?

Answer 22

• Virus injects DNA/RNA into host cell
• Virus uses host cell’s machinery to reproduce
• Lyce occurs as the viruses burst out the cell
• This kills the cell

Question 23

What is the Lysogenic cycle?

Answer 23

• Virus injects DNA/RNA into cell
• DNA/RNA become part of host cell’s DNA
• Cell divides and replicates itself with the viruses genetic material
• The lytic cycle is triggered into action (by chemical/pH change)

Question 24

How are sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV and Chlamydia are spread?

Answer 24

• Through anal, oral or vaginal sex

Question 25

How can sexually transmitted diseases bee prevented?

Answer 25

• Regular testing + abstinence from sex
• Reducing number of sexual partners
• Practice safe sex with a condom or femidom

Question 26

How do plants defend themselves physical?

Answer 26

• All difficult to penetrate
• Cellulose around cells
• Bark (dead, prevents interest from pathogens)

Question 27

How do plants defend themselves chemical?

Answer 27

• Kill or prevent consumption
• Antibacterial
• Poison

Question 28

How do plants defend themselves mechanically?

Answer 28

• Prevent from being eaten
• Thorns
• Hairs (Irritate mouths)
• Mimic poisonous plants