Topic 5 and 4- Health And Disease- Development Of Medicane

Question 1

What is a restriction enzyme?

Answer 1

Enzymes that recognise specific sequences of DNA and cut the DNA at these points

Question 2

What is left after the restriction enzyme cuts the DNA?

Answer 2

Sticky ends

Question 3

What are ligase enzymes?

Answer 3

Enzymes used to join two process of DNA together at their sticky ends.

Question 4

What are the bits of DNA stuck together called?

Answer 4

Recombinant DNA

Question 5

What is a vector in biology?

Answer 5

Something that is used to transfer DNA into a cell

Question 6

What are the two types of vectors?

Answer 6

Plasmids and viruses

Question 7

What are plasmids?

Answer 7

Small circular molecules of DNA that can be transferred between bacteria

Question 8

What are viruses?

Answer 8

They insert DNA into the organisms they infect

Question 9

What is the first stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 9

The dna you want to insert is cut with a restriction enzyme. The vector dna is also cut open using the same restriction enzyme

Question 10

What a the second stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 10

The vector dna and the dna that you’re inserting are left with sticky ends and are mixed with ligaments enzymes

Question 11

What is the third stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 11

The ligase join the prices of DNA together to make recombinant DNA

Question 12

What is the 4th stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 12

The recombinant dna is inserted into other cells eg bacteria. These cells can now use the gene to make the protein you want

Question 13

What is the spread of a communicable disease called?

Answer 13

Transmission

Question 14

What is the name of the molecules that pathogens have

Answer 14

Antigens

Question 15

What is the spread of communicable disease called?

Answer 15

Transmission

Question 16

What’s the name of the molecules that pathogens have?

Answer 16

Antigens

Question 17

What is lipse?

Answer 17

Enzyme that perform important roles in digestion

Question 18

How does lipase help break down dairy products like milk?

Answer 18

Breaks down fat molecules into free fatty acids so that is small enough to be absorbed by the small intestine

Question 19

How does bile help lipase to break down dairy products?where is it produced (what organ?)

Answer 19

Bile is produced in the liver which breaks down fats into small droplets for lipase to break down.
It also neutralises the acid in the stomache to provide good alkaline conditions