Topic 5 Flashcards
GLOBAL AND LOCAL WIND SYSTEMS
Horizontal movement of air
Wind
All winds are caused by
by differences in air pressure
most differences in air pressure are due to?
unequal heating in the atmosphere
dense air sinks and has higher air pressure.
Cool wind
less dense air rises and has lower pressure.
Warm wind
converging winds
low pressure
Diverging winds
High pressure
As the cold air sinks, it creates?
high pressure around the poles.
This ____ air then flows toward the equator.
cold polar air
pressure belts are found every?
every 30 degrees latitude
are separated by pressure belts
convection cells
bands of high and low pressure.
Convection cells
Caused by global convection currents.
global winds
They blow steadily from specific directions over great distances.
global winds
The high pressure cool air at the poles tries to fill in the?
low pressure areas at the high equator.
winds that blows from east to west between 60 degrees and 90 degrees latitude
easterlies
winds that blows from west to east between 30 and 60 degrees latitude
westerlies
winds that blow from east to west between 0 and 30 degrees latitude
trade winds
Wind belts that extend from the poles to 60° latitude.
polar easterlies
Formed from cold sinking air moving from the poles creating?
cold temperatures.
Wind belts found between 30°and 60° latitude.
westerlies
Flow towards the poles from west to east carrying moist air over the United States.
westerlies
Wind that blow from 30°almost to the equator.
trade winds
it is called ____because of their uses by early sailors.
trade winds
Located along the equator where no winds blow because the warm raising air creates and area of low pressure.
doldrums
This lack of wind has been a problem in sea exploration in the last centuries since ships cannot move if there is no wind.
doldrums
why doldrums happens?
This happens because the sun’s intense heat contributing to the warming of the air, and it climbs into the atmosphere.
Doldrums is located in?
Located 5° N and S of equator
Located 30° N and S latitude.
It creates dry environments and mostly deserts like the Sahara Desert, Atacama Desert, Kalahari Desert, and the Australian Desert.
Horse Latitude
ocean areas characterized by weak or nonexistent airflow for a prolonged period of time.
doldrum and horse latitude
doldrum: air is
horse latitude: air is
doldrum: air is moist
horse latitude: air is dry
can cause extreme weather like squalls, thunderstorms, and hurricanes
doldrums
cause the formation of deserts and other hot and dry areas.
horse latitude
are a result of scenery such as mountains, vegetation, water bodies, and so on.
local winds
They usually change very often, and the weather forecast people talk about this kind on the TV every day.
local winds
winds that cover very short distances.
local winds
example of local winds
Ex. local and land breeze, mountain and valley breezes.
The warm air over the land will rise throughout the day, causing low pressure at the surface.
Sea breeze
The air on the land is warmer than air over ocean.
sea breeze
The air over the ocean is now warmer than the air over the land.
land breeze
The land loses heat quickly after the sun goes down and the air above it cools too.
land breeze
When the valley floor warms during the day, warm air rises up the slopes of surrounding mountains and hills to create a
valley breeze (warm)
At night, denser cool air slides down the slopes to settle in the valley, producing a?
mountain breeze (cold)
consists warm, less heavy equatorial air over large areas rising high up into the atmosphere.
low pressure system
The vacuum is filled with cold, dense air, flooding in from the poles which is called?
high-pressure system
Happens as a result of earth’s rotation, causes moving particles such as air and water to be deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.
Coriolis Effect
Earth with no rotation, object moves in?
straight line/path
earth with rotation, objects moves in?
curved path
winds bend to the right in the northern hemisphere due to the?
coriolis effect
winds bends to the left in the southern hemisphere due to?
coriolis effect
Because of this effect, winds in low-pressure zones are forced into a circular motion, just as the kind that begins to form with tropical storms
Coriolis Effect
