Topic 5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Cladograms

A

Diagrams that compare characteristics through the use of a table. They are often based on structural characteristics in order to determine evolutionary connections.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Plant Phyla

A

Bryophyta- Liverworts and mosses
Coniferophyta- Conifers Filicinophyta- Ferns Angiospermophyta- Flowering plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Invertebrate Phyla

A

Porifera- Sponges
Cnidaria- Jellyfish and anemones
Platyhelmintha- Flatworms and tapeworms
Annelida- Earthworms and leeches
Mollusca- Squids, slugs, snails, and bivalves
Arthropoda-Insects, spiders, and crustaceans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vertebrate Classes

A

Phylum Chordata-Vertebrates
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Binomial Nomenclature

A

This is a globally accepted classification structure of organisms. According to the binomial system, every organism has a two-part scientific name. The genus is written first and is capitalised (ex. Homo). Species follows in lower case (ex. Homo sapiens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Taxa Hierarchy

A

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Natural Selection

A

The process of natural selection occurs in response to certain conditions. These conditions are: There is genetic (inheritable) variation within a population (caused by mutations, meiosis and sexual reproduction), there is competition for survival (species tend to produce more offspring than the environment can support), environmental selection pressures give rise to differential rates of reproduction, organisms with beneficial traits are likely to survive and reproduce, while those less well adapted produce less offspring, over generations, these beneficial traits become more common.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Adaptations

A

Adaptations are traits that make an individual suited to the environment in which it lives, and way of life. Adaptations can be structural, behavioural, physiological, biochemical, or developmental.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Selective Breeding

A

Selective breeding involves the mating of animals with
desired characteristics. This is a form of artificial selection. This also involves human participation and/or intervention.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Evolution

A

Evolution is the cumulative change in the heritable characteristic of a population (ex. biological change over time).These characteristics are encoded by genes and transferred between generations through alleles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly