Topic 5 Flashcards
Eukaryotic Cells
Nucleus bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope
Membrane-bound organelles
Cytoplasm between plasma membrane and nucleus
Ribosomes
particles made of ribosomal RNA and protein
The Endomembrane System regulates…
protein traffic and performs metabolic functions in the cell
Components of the endomembrane system
Outer nuclear membrane Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosomes Vacuoles Plasma membrane
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Biosynthetic Factory
ER accounts for more than half of total membrane in many eukaryotic cells
The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envelope
Golgi Apparatus
Shipping and Receiving Centre Consist of flattened membranous sacs called cisternae Functions: Modified products of the ER Makes some macromolecules Sorts/Packages materials to vsicles
Lysosomes
Digestive Compartments
A membrane-bound compartment of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules
Vacuoles
Diverse Maintenance compartments
Components of the endomembrane system that perform different functions depending on cell type
Food Vacuoles
formed by phagocytosis
Contractile Vacuoles
found in many freshwater protists, pump excess water out of cells
Central Vacuoles
found in many mature plant cells, hold organic componds and water
Organelles NOT in the endo membrane system
mitochondria, Chloroplast and Peroxisomes
Peroxisomes
specialized metabolic compartments bounded by a single membrane
-produce hydrogen peroxide and convert it to water
metabolism of some fats
Cytoskeleton
Network of fibers extending throughout cytoplasm
Organizes the cell’s structures and activities, anchoring many organelles.
3 diff cytoskeleton structures
- microtubules
- microfilaments
- intermediate filaments
