TOPIC 4B: Changing cities- Norwich Flashcards
What is a linear settlement pattern ?
- a linear settlement pattern, is a settlement pattern along a valley or a coastline
What is a dispersed settlement ?
- a dispersed settlement, is a settlement with isolated farms that are often in steep areas
What is a nucleated settlement ?
- a nucleated settlement [such as Norwich], is a settlement built upon a central point.
What is a planned settlement ?
- a planned settlement, is a settlement that have a square grid that is found in new towns
What is urbanisation ?
- urbanisation, is the increase in the percentage of people living in towns and cities, causing these places to begin growing outwards [as people from rural to urban areas, that are close to the city centre]
What is suburbanisation ?
- suburbanisation, is the outward spread of housing and buildings further from the city centre. [think s, for spread]
What is counter-urbanisation ?
- counter urbanisation, is the movement of people and employment from major cities to smaller settlements and rural areas, located beyond the city [think counter, for away/against]
What is re-urbanisation ?
- re-urbanisation, is the movement of people back towards city centres away from the rural areas and suburbs that have developed
Why has counter-urbanisation happened?
- counter-urbanisation has happened from 1960-1970s, following the bomb damage to the inner city of Norwich due to nazi raids in 1942.
Why has re-urbanisation happened ?
- re-urbanisation has happened because of:
- gentrification
- the in-movement people because of large of scale urban regeneration built for housing and entertainment, that usually attracts the younger professional generation [e.g- the riverside development in Norwich]
What is gentrification ?
- gentrification, is the process in which older housing is redeveloped, to attract the in-movement of wealthy people into more expensive, new and modern, accommodation [which typically displaces poorer people]
What is migration ?
- migration, is the movement of people from one place to another
What is the difference between international 🆚 national migration ?
- international migration, is the movement of people from one country to another
- ; national migration, is the movement of people from once place to another, within a city
What are some of the trends of international migration, in Norwich ?
- large numbers of migrants have come from Eastern Europe [e.g- Poland], as from 2002 to 2013: 2820 migrants have entered Norwich [which is located in Norfolk]
What are the reasons for international migration, from Eastern Europe to Norwich ?
- most Eastern European countries, have joined the European Union.
- this means, people living in those countries are able to live in counties that are members of the European Union [although this was before brexit happened]
What are pull factors, to move away from Norwich ?
- people in Norwich may finish university degrees, and then move away to Norwich, to other cities such as Cambridge or Leeds.
- this is because, they may be attracted by the job prospects in these cities.
Name the causes of national migration in Norwich
- increased investment and jobs in the CBD and inner city
- some students have left Norwich to go to university [e.g- the University of London]
- Norwich has lost many degree holders and graduates [between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five] to cities such as Cambridge
- this is because, Cambridge attracts graduates, due to a good accessibility and good job prospects- since
What is _____ a cause of national migration in Norwich ?
- people have moved out of Norwich, due to increased investment and jobs in the CBD and inner city [e.g- Riverside, an area in the city of Norwich]
- some students have left Norwich to go to university [e.g- the University of London]
Name the causes of international migration in Norwich
- conflict
- employment opportunities
Why is conflict, a cause of international migration ?
- people have migrated to Norwich internationally, to flee conflict in war-torn countries such as Syria.
- This is because, Syria’s twelve year civil war, has significantly worsened levels of education, as this has taken the lives of half a million people.
- This has meant, people are not able to have basic skills, to access an education and ultimately, productively countibute to society because, of families’ difficult financial conditions or psychological pressures. [due to war], so people may instead migrate to other countries such as the UK [and to cities in it, such as Norwich]
Why is employment opportunities, an international cause of migration ?
- ; Norwich also provides employment opportunities to international migrants.
- This is because, large numbers of Indian migrants have moved to Norwich, in search of employment opportunities which counties such as Aviva provide.
Why has Norwich lost degree holders to Cambridge ?
- Norwich has lost many degree holders and graduates [between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five] to cities such as Cambridge
Cambridge attracts graduates, due to a good accessibility and good job prospects- since
business parks for company offices are often found on the edge of such as: Cambridge- so graduates may chose to move their, for a better income, and therefore a better quality of life
What are the impacts of migration, in Norwich ?
