Topic 4.2 review Flashcards
Nonaxial
no rotation, joints slide (gliding)
Uniaxial
one axis of rotation, structure of bone at joint restricts (hinge and pivot)
Biaxial
to axis of rotation, move two different ways (condyloid and saddle)
Triaxial
3 axis of rotation, greatest movement (ball and socket)
Axes of Rotation
anteroposterior, transverse, and vertical
Anteroposterior
front to back
Transverse
left to right
Vertical
top to bottom
Range of motion in joints depends on four factors
shape of the surfaces of articulating bones
position and length of restraining ligament
effects of muscles and tendons at joint
amount of soft tissue at joint
Concentric contraction
shortening moving against weight, torque greater than resistance to overcome
Eccentric contraction
lengthening w/ force, torque < resistance
Isotonic contraction
maximum force exceeds total load on muscle, any change in length
isometric (static) contraction
force = resistance (ex:pulling something)
isokinetic motion
constant speed, constant same motion
reciprocal inhibition
one side is relaxing while other is flexing
agonist
muscle that provides force to complete movement
antagonist
muscle that contracts eccentrically, acts in the opposite direction usual to concentric function
fixator (stabilizer)
eliminates unnecessary movement
synergist (neutralizers)
act on moveable joints and cancels out extra motion from agonists (makes sure force generated works within desired plane of movement)
What does DOMS stand for?
Delayed onset of muscle soreness
