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ORAL PHYSIOLOGY > Topic 4 (Saliva) > Flashcards

Topic 4 (Saliva) Flashcards

1
Q

A dilute aqueous solution , a solvent, with organic and inorganic contents

A

Salivary Secretion

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2
Q

What are the functions of Salivary Secretion:

A
  1. Bolus formation
  2. Food lubrication for easy swallowing and
    speech production
  3. Maintain good oral health – most important
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3
Q

What is the most important function of salivary secretion?

A

Maintain Good Oral Health

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4
Q

What are the other functions of saliva:

A
  1. Secrete nerve growth factor
  2. Secrete vasoactive peptides
  3. Secrete regulatory peptides
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5
Q

What is saliva’s important role in the alimentary tract?

A

Protect the teeth & buccal mucosa from bacterial attack

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6
Q

What are the Major Functions of the Saliva:

A
  • Lubrication
  • Digestion
  • Solvent Action
  • Antibacterial Action
  • Antifungal Action
  • Buffering Action
  • Remineralization
  • Temperature Regulation
  • Production of Growth Factors & Other Regulatory Peptides
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7
Q

Dry mouth

A

Xerostomia

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8
Q

Xerostomia (dry mout ) will cause bad odor because without saliva, bacteria will act on food debris causing it to decompose

A

Buffering Action of Saliva

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9
Q

It will cause bad odor because without saliva, bacteria will act on food debris causing it to decompose

A

Xerostomia

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10
Q

The bacterial products will not be diluted and ____ is lost , thus increase in caries.

A

buffering action of saliva

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11
Q

A digestive enzyme responsible for the initial breakdown of starch and glycogen

A

Salivary Amylase

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12
Q

It has the highest concentration in saliva

A

Salivary Amylase

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13
Q

Remains active in the stomach because it is
protected inside the food bolus.

A

Salivary Amylase

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14
Q

Secreted by the lingual salivary glands (Von Ebner’s glands)

A

Salivary Lipase

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15
Q

Responsible for the first step in fat digestion

A

Salivary Lipase

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16
Q

Important in fat digestion

A

Salivary Lipase

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17
Q

Is active inside the stomach’s pH

A

Salivary Lipase

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18
Q

In 1 day ____ to ____ of fluid is produced

A

0.5 to 0.75

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19
Q

In 1 day, some salivary components are from
____ while some are synthesized in the salivary glands.

A

blood plasma

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20
Q

In 1 day, some salivary components are from blood plasma while some are synthesized in the ____.

A

salivary glands

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21
Q

Most of the fluid is ____ and ____ by the gut.

A

swallowed and reabsorbed

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22
Q

Most of the fluid is swallowed and reabsorbed by the ____.

A

gut

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23
Q

What are the three main salivary gland:

A
  • Parotid gland
  • Submaxillary (submandibular) gland
  • Sublingual gland.
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24
Q

The 3 main salivary glands; they secrete ____% of total saliva

A

90%

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25
Q

What are the other salivary glands:

A
  • Lingual salivary glands found in the tongue (called Von Ebner’s glands)
  • Labial glands, Palatine glands, Buccal glands (cheek)
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26
Q

Other Lingual salivary glands found in the tongue is called ____.

A

Vin Ebner’s Glands

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27
Q

cheek

A

Buccal Glands

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28
Q

Composition of Saliva Made of:

A
  • Ions
  • Organic Components
  • Water (99%)
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29
Q

chloride, bicarbonate are examples of:

A

Anions

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30
Q

sodium, potassium are examples of:

A

Cations

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31
Q

What are other electrolytes that are included:

A
  • calcium phosphate
  • fluoride
  • thiocyanate
  • magnesium sulfate
  • iodine
32
Q

Anions and Cations are derived from ____.

A

Blood Plasma

33
Q

Important because it is the chief butter of saliva.

A

Bicarbonate

33
Q

Caries occur due to low pH of saliva.

A

Bicarbonate

34
Q

Caries occur due to ____ of saliva.

A

low pH

35
Q

if the saliva pH is lowered (acidic) it will decalcify teeth, resulting to ____.

A

caries

36
Q

if the saliva pH is lowered (acidic) it will ____.

A

decalcify teeth, resulting to caries.

37
Q

if the saliva pH is lowered it is ____.

A

Acidic

38
Q

The concentration of the ____ in saliva increases with the flow rate of saliva

A

bicarbonate

39
Q

Increased flow rate of saliva =

A

Increased Bicarbonate

40
Q

Increased Bicarbonate =

A

increased pH

41
Q

increased pH =

A

resulting to alkaline saliva

42
Q

Alkaline saliva =

A

Less dental caries

43
Q

As the rate of salivary flow increases, the % of ____ also increases.

A

salts

44
Q

As the rate of salivary flow increases, the % of salts also increases.

A

Heidenhain’s Law

45
Q

As salivary flow increases, the composition of saliva also changes.

A

Heidenhain’s Law

46
Q

As salivary flow increases, the composition of saliva also ____.

A

changes

47
Q

But not all components will increase.

  • Sodium (Na+)
  • Potassium (K+)
A
  • Sodium (Na+) increases
  • Potassium (K+) decreases
48
Q

Cells found in the secretory unit of the salivary gland, lies close to the acini & intercalated ducts.

A

Myoepithelial Cells

49
Q

The cytoplasm of the myoepithelial cell contains ____ capable of contraction.

A

filaments

49
Q

Innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fibers

A

Myoepithelial Cells

50
Q

Activation of the ANS causes these cells to contract, thus saliva will be expelled from salivary glands.

A

Myoepithelial Cells

51
Q

Activation of the ANS causes these cells to ____, thus saliva will be expelled from salivary glands.

A

contract

52
Q

Peripheral reflex phenomenon

A

Stimulation of Afferent Nerves

53
Q

Can cause the release of saliva

A

Stimulation of Afferent Nerves

54
Q

Different tastes can also induce saliva to flow
when placed on the tongue.

A

Stimulation of Afferent Nerves

55
Q

____ can also induce saliva to flow
when placed on the tongue.

A

Different tastes

56
Q

The most effective taste of which is:

A

sour taste particularly citric acid

57
Q

control its flow

A

Autonomic nerves

58
Q

exerted by saliva is lower than serum

A

Osmotic pressure (tonicity)

59
Q

____ increases as flow rate of saliva increases

A

Tonicity

60
Q

Saliva contains potassium ions ____ to ____ times the
concentration of serum potassium.

A

2 to 10

61
Q

Saliva in many animals contains a high level of the ____ and other macromolecules.

A

digestive amylase

62
Q

It is made of numerous secretory units which is
made of:

A
  1. Intercalated duct
  2. Acinus
  3. Striated duct
  4. Excretory duct
63
Q

Saliva forms at the ____ where the acini is located

A

proximal end of the duct

64
Q

Acini is located at the ____.

A

proximal end of the duct

65
Q

The acini is made of ____.

A

acinar cells

66
Q

the main bulk of the salivary gland

A

acinar cells

67
Q

cells which surrounds the acini & intercalated ducts. These cells have filaments which have contractile properties

A

Myoepithelial cells

68
Q

What are the other structure in the Salivary Gland:

A
  • Myoepithelial cells
  • Blood Supply
  • Nerve Supply
69
Q

Saliva’s Organic Components Function:

A
  1. Enzymatic function
  2. Coating of tissue surfaces
  3. Protection of dental tissues
  4. Control of tissue growth
70
Q

All oral soft tissues are coated with ____, which traps ____, which binds strongly to ____ thus ____ is formed.

A

All oral soft tissues are coated with mucous glycoproteins, which traps bacteria, which binds strongly to tooth surface thus enamel pellicle is formed.

71
Q

Decrease flow of saliva =

A

decrease buffering effect

72
Q

decrease buffering effect =

A

increase caries

73
Q

Occurs when food is placed in the mouth

A

Salivary Reflexes

74
Q

Occurs even when mouth is anesthesized

A

Salivary Reflexes

75
Q

This reflex is due to stimulation of periodontal
receptors & taste receptors

A

Salivary Reflexes

ORAL PHYSIOLOGY (10 decks)

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