Topic 4- Obtaining And Using Metals Reactivity Flashcards
Define ‘reduction’
The loss of oxygen
What is an ‘ore’
The pure metal
Contains a metal compound which we can extract the metal profitably
What is an ‘alloy’
Alloys are a mixture of 2 or more metals or carbon
Which metals need to be extracted by electrolysis?
Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium
How do you extract an ‘ore’?
Using either electrolysis or heating with carbon
Which metals need to be extracted by heating with carbon?
Zinc Iron Tin Lead Copper
How do you remember the split between electrolysis and heating with carbon?
A-Z
Aluminium
Zinc
Which cannot be extracted?
Silver
Gold
Platinum
What is a shape memory alloy?
An alloy that returns to it’s original shape after being heated
What can shape memory alloys be used for?
Stints in the arterys
Glasses frames
Benefits of alloys?
Harder
Stronger
More resistant to corrosion
Make it more attractive- shiny
Why are alloys harder than pure metals?
The atoms are different sizes therefore cannot slide over each other as easily as pure metals.
Define ‘oxidation’
The gaining of oxygen
What is the test for hydrogen gas?
Lit splint will make a pop sound
What is the test for chlorine gas?
Damp, blue litmus paper goes red, then bleaches white
What is the test for carbon dioxide?
Limewater will go cloudy or milky
Where is carbon in the reactivity series, even though it isn’t a metal?
Between Aluminium and Zinc
A-Z
State some properties of metals
Shiny Malleable Conducts electricity Conduct heat High melting point Dense
What is meant by electrolysis?
The decomposition of a compound using electrical energy
The reaction for the extraction of aluminium from its ore involves…
Reduction
State the form of energy used to carry out electrolysis
Electrical energy
What method do you use to obtain chlorine from sea water?
Electrolysis
Explain why electrolysis is used to extract aluminium but is not used to extract
iron.
aluminium high(er) in reactivity / aluminium more reactive than carbon / aluminium compounds are very stable (for aluminium) electrolysis is powerful means of reduction / needs powerful means of extraction / needs more energy
Name a raw material that can be electrolysed to produce chlorine
Sea water
State uses of nitinol
Shape memory alloy - returns to original shape after being heated
Used for stints in the arteries and glasses frames
