Topic 4- Obtaining And Using Metals Reactivity Flashcards

1
Q

Define ‘reduction’

A

The loss of oxygen

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2
Q

What is an ‘ore’

A

The pure metal

Contains a metal compound which we can extract the metal profitably

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3
Q

What is an ‘alloy’

A

Alloys are a mixture of 2 or more metals or carbon

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4
Q

Which metals need to be extracted by electrolysis?

A
Potassium 
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium 
Aluminium
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5
Q

How do you extract an ‘ore’?

A

Using either electrolysis or heating with carbon

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6
Q

Which metals need to be extracted by heating with carbon?

A
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Copper
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7
Q

How do you remember the split between electrolysis and heating with carbon?

A

A-Z
Aluminium
Zinc

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8
Q

Which cannot be extracted?

A

Silver
Gold
Platinum

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9
Q

What is a shape memory alloy?

A

An alloy that returns to it’s original shape after being heated

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10
Q

What can shape memory alloys be used for?

A

Stints in the arterys

Glasses frames

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11
Q

Benefits of alloys?

A

Harder
Stronger
More resistant to corrosion
Make it more attractive- shiny

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12
Q

Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

A

The atoms are different sizes therefore cannot slide over each other as easily as pure metals.

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13
Q

Define ‘oxidation’

A

The gaining of oxygen

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14
Q

What is the test for hydrogen gas?

A

Lit splint will make a pop sound

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15
Q

What is the test for chlorine gas?

A

Damp, blue litmus paper goes red, then bleaches white

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16
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

Limewater will go cloudy or milky

17
Q

Where is carbon in the reactivity series, even though it isn’t a metal?

A

Between Aluminium and Zinc

A-Z

18
Q

State some properties of metals

A
Shiny
Malleable
Conducts electricity
Conduct heat
High melting point
Dense
19
Q

What is meant by electrolysis?

A

The decomposition of a compound using electrical energy

20
Q

The reaction for the extraction of aluminium from its ore involves…

A

Reduction

21
Q

State the form of energy used to carry out electrolysis

A

Electrical energy

22
Q

What method do you use to obtain chlorine from sea water?

A

Electrolysis

23
Q

Explain why electrolysis is used to extract aluminium but is not used to extract
iron.

A
aluminium high(er) in reactivity / 
aluminium more reactive than 
carbon / aluminium compounds 
are very stable
(for aluminium) electrolysis is 
powerful means of reduction / 
needs powerful means of 
extraction / needs more energy
24
Q

Name a raw material that can be electrolysed to produce chlorine

A

Sea water

25
Q

State uses of nitinol

A

Shape memory alloy - returns to original shape after being heated
Used for stints in the arteries and glasses frames