Topic 4: Natural selection and genetic modification

Question 1

What is meant by the term natural selection?

Answer 1

Natural selection is the process by which organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits on to future generations.

Question 2

Define the terms mutation and adaptation.

Answer 2

A mutation is a change in DNA sequence that can result in a genetic variation. An adaptation is a heritable trait that enhances an organism’s survival and reproduction in a particular environment.

Question 3

How can selective breeding be used to produce desired traits in plants and animals?

Answer 3

Selective breeding is the process of selecting and breeding individuals with desired traits to produce offspring with those traits. This can be used in plants and animals to produce offspring with higher yields, better resistance to disease, or other desirable characteristics.

Question 4

What is genetic modification?

Answer 4

Genetic modification involves the deliberate alteration of an organism’s genetic material using biotechnology techniques.