Topic 2: Cells and control Flashcards
1
Q
What is mitosis?
A
Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides to form two identical daughter cells.
2
Q
Define the terms DNA, gene, and chromosome.
A
DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of all living organisms. A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait. A chromosome is a structure made of DNA and proteins that carries genes.
3
Q
What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?
A
The nucleus is the control center of the cell and contains the genetic material (DNA) that regulates cellular activity.
4
Q
What is the difference between a nerve cell and a muscle cell?
A
Nerve cells (neurons) transmit signals throughout the body, while muscle cells (myocytes) contract to produce movement.
