Topic 4 Introduction to Chemistry Flashcards
What are the 3 states of matter
Solid, liquid and gas
What are the main features of a solid
Particles are tightly packed together
Particles vibrate about a fixed position
Have fixed shape
Have fixed volume
What are the main features of a liquid
Particles can move around each other
Are close together
Have fixed volume
Have no fixed shape - full the container from the bottom
Cannot be compressed
What are the main features of a gas
Particles move fast and are far apart from each other
Have no fixed shape
Have no fixed volume - fill the container
Can be compressed (squashed)
What state has a fixed volume and fixed shape
solid
What state has a fixed volume but no fixed shape
liquid
What state has the particles vibrating about a fixed position
solid
What state has the particles able to move about each other but are still quite close together
gas
what state have particles very far apart
Gas
When a solid changes to a liquid what is this change called
melting
When a liquid changes to a gas what is this change called
evaporation
When a gas changes back to a liquid what is this change called
Condensation
When a liquid changes back to a solid what is this change called
Freezing
When a solid changes to a gas without changing into a liquid first, what is this called
sublimation
In the water cycle what type of changes happen
temporary changes - can change state as they changes are physical e.g. going from liquid to a gas
In the water cycle what change of state happens in the clouds
Changes from gas to liquid - condensation
What is the test for oxygen
Relights a glowing splint
What is the test for hydrogen
Add a lighted splint and it burns with a squeaky pop
What is the test for carbon dioxide
Turns limewater milky
Dissolving is an example of what type of change
Temporary
If a solid dissolves in a liquid what is the solid said to be
Soluble
If a solid does not dissolve in a liquid what is the solid said to be
Insoluble
What name is given to the solid that dissolves in the solvent
The solid is the SOLUTE
What name is given to the liquid that the solute can dissolve in
the liquid is the SOLVENT
When a solute dissolves in a solvent what is made
A Solution
If salt dissolves in water, what is the solute
salt
If salt dissolves in water what is the solvent
Water
If salt dissolves in water what is formed
A salty solution
