Topic 4: Ecology

Question 1

1.Define species, populations, communities and ecosystems.

Question 2

2.Outline how the distribution of species is affected by limiting factors

Question 3

3.Compare and contrast autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.

Question 4

4.Outline plant and algal nutrition by looking at trends, patterns, and discrepancies.

Question 5

5.Classify species as autotrophs, consumers, detritivores or saprotrophs from their mode of nutrition.

Question 6

6.Test for the association between two species using the chi-squared test with data obtained by quadrat sampling// 7. Recognize and interpret statistical significance.

Question 7

7.Use a transect to correlate the distribution of plant or animal species with an abiotic variable.

Question 8

15.Explain energy flow within an ecosystem starting with light energy from the sun.

Question 9

16.Outline the uses of energy released by respiration.

Question 10

17.Outline energy losses in ecosystems.

Question 11

18.Explain how energy flow limits the length of food chains and the biomass of higher trophic levels.

Question 12

21.Outline how most species occupy different trophic levels in multiple food chains.

Question 13

25.Compare pyramids of energy from different ecosystems.

Question 14

33.Outline the role of both aquatic and terrestrial autotrophs in carbon fixation.

Question 15

34.Outline the release of carbon dioxide from cell respiration.

Question 16

35.Outline methanogenesis and the oxidation of methane.

Question 17

36.Outline peat formation.

Question 18

37.Outline the formation of fossilized organic matter into oil, gas and coal.

Question 19

38.Outline how combustion creates carbon dioxide.

Question 20

39.Outline how limestone formation occurs.

Question 21

40.Construct a labeled diagram of the carbon cycle.

Question 22

41.Relate carbon fluxes estimations to carbon cycle processes.

Question 23

42.Analyze data from atmosphere monitoring stations showing annual fluctuations.

Question 24

56.Outline the relative impacts of four of the most significant greenhouse gasses.

Question 25

57.Explain the greenhouse effect with respect to wavelength emission and absorption.

Question 26

58.Outline the correlation between global temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations on Earth.

Question 27

59.Outline how global temperatures and climate patterns are influenced by concentrations of greenhouse gases.

Question 28

60Outline the correlation between rising atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide since the start of the industrial revolution and average global temperatures.

Question 29

61.Evaluate claims that human activities are not causing climate change.

Question 30

62.Outline threats to coral reefs from increasing concentrations of dissolved carbon dioxide.