Topic 4 Definitions 0_0

Question 1

stereoisomers

Answer 1

compounds with the same structural formula but a different arrangement in space

Question 2

E/Z isomerism

Answer 2

example of stereoisomerism that has restricted rotation about a double bond that requires 2 different groups to be attached each C=C Carbon

Question 3

cis/trans isomerism

Answer 3

special case of E/Z isomerism where there is 2 groups attached to each double bonded C=C Carbon are the same

Question 4

radical (wow that’s rad man)

Answer 4

species with unpaired electron

Question 5

electrophile

Answer 5

an electron pair acceptor

Question 6

nucleophile

Answer 6

an electron pair donor

Question 7

homolytic fission

Answer 7

split in a molecule where each bonding atom receives one electron from the covalent bond, forming radials

Question 8

heterolytic fission

Answer 8

one bonded atom receives both electrons from covalent bond when a molecule splits

Question 9

π Bond

Answer 9

sideways overlap of adjacent p- orbitals above or below the bonding of C atoms

Question 10

aliphatic

Answer 10

a compound containing a C and H joined together in a straight or branched chain and non-aromatic rings

Question 11

alicyclic

Answer 11

an aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with or without side chains

Question 12

acyl grouup

Answer 12

group containing a C=O group

Question 13

structural isomers

Answer 13

compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 14

homologous series

Answer 14

series of organic compounds that have the same functional group differing by successive CH2 groups

Question 15

functional group

Answer 15

a group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a molecule

Question 16

aromatic

Answer 16

compound containing a Benzene Ring

Question 17

general formula

Answer 17

the simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series

Question 18

structural formula

Answer 18

a formula which shows the arrangement of atoms in the molecule of a compound

Question 19

displayed formula

Answer 19

the relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them

Question 20

skeletal formula

Answer 20

the simplified organic formula, shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups

Question 21

aliphatic

Answer 21

a compound containing carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings

Question 22

alicyclic

Answer 22

an aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with or without side chains

Question 23

aromatic

Answer 23

a compound containing a benzene ring

Question 24

unsaturated

Answer 24

the presence of multiple carbon–carbon bonds, including C=C, C☰C and aromatic rings in a species

Question 25

saturated

Answer 25

species with single carbon–carbon bonds only

Question 26

retention time

Answer 26

the time that a solute spends in a column

Question 27

GC & MS

Answer 27

Gas Chromatography separated molecules on their boiling time and mass spectrums show the ions they fall into and compare them to databases