Topic 4- Components of blood

Question 1

Where is blood made:

Answer 1

In the bone marrow.

Question 2

What is blood composed of?

Answer 2

Plasma: fluid portion of blood.
Formed portion: solid portion of blood including the platelets, white blood cells and the red blood cells.

Question 3

Plasma Proteins:

Answer 3

• Help maintain homeostasis.

+Albumins: Maintaining of salt and water balance causing water to go back to the capillaries.

+Globulins: Protects for different diseases.

+Fibrinogen: Important for blood clotting.

Question 4

Red blood cells:

Answer 4

• Also called erythrocytes
• 44% of blood
• Made in the bone marrow
• Carry oxygen through the blood (biconcave- a place for gas exchange)
• 120 days life span
• Not made of nucleus when it is matured.

Question 5

Erythrocytes Disorders:

Answer 5

Sickle cell disease:
- Can cause blood clots to occur.
- Genetic
- Resistant to malaria
- Not in the shape of a biconcave.

Question 6

Anemia (Erythrocyte disorder)

Answer 6

• Lack of red blood cells to carry oxygen through the body.
• Fatigue and pailness
• Ulcers, diet, injury, hemorrhage (ruptured blood vessel). Iron deficiency can also be a cause.

Question 7

White blood cells:

Answer 7

• Leukocytes
• Bodies responsiveness to a disease.
• Has nucleus
• Made in bone marrow.

Question 8

What are the leukocytes made up of:

Answer 8

Granulocytes: Rids the body of infection of allergens.

Monocytes: Destroys the infection.

Lymphocytes: Produces proteins to prevent pathogens (bacteria or disease)

Question 9

Lymphocyte Disorder:

Answer 9

Leukaemia: A disease in the white blood cells that have the lymphocyte, but it doesn’t function properly causing fatigue.
- Not being able to fight infections.

Question 10

Platelets:

Answer 10

• Fragments of cells that occur when large cells in the bone marrow break apart.
• no nucleus
• Has a role in the clotting of blood.

Question 11

Blood clotting:

Answer 11

• An injury to a vessel can cause bleeding, but the clotting of blood in that torn area prevent bleeding to death situations.
• The substance released attracts platelets which play a role in the clotting of blood, but then attract fibrinogen which has strands to cause clotting of blood.

Question 12

Blood clotting disorders:

Answer 12

Hemophilia: Genetic disorder that cannot cause blood clotting. Causes bleeding to death situation.
- Can be treated by vaccines.

Thrombus: A blood clot that blocks the vessel and receives no oxygen or nutrients.

Embolus: A blood clot that forms in the vessel, but goes to another part of the body and blocks blood supply in an organ.