Topic 4 - Bioenergetics

Question 1

What is respiration

Answer 1

The process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose.

Question 2

Is respiration exo or endothermic?

Answer 2

Exothermic - energy goes to the environment

Question 3

What is anaerobic and aerobic respiration?

Answer 3

Aerobic - respiration using oxygen

Anaerobic - without oxygen

Question 4

What are the word equations for anaerobic and aerobic respiration?

Answer 4

Aerobic - glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy) - C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Anaerobic - glucose –> lactic acid

Question 5

Explain the 5 uses of glucose in plants

Answer 5

Respiration - transfers energy from glucose
Making cellulose - strong cell walls
Amino acids - made into proteins
Stored as oils or fats - turned into lipids
Stored as starch - ready for when photosynthesis isn’t occurring

Question 6

Give the word and symbol equation for photosynthesis

Answer 6

Carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen

6CO2 + 6H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 7

State the limiting factors for photsynthesis

Answer 7

light, carbon dioxide and temperature

amount of Chlorophyll

Question 8

What happens to photosynthesis if the temperature is above 45 degrees?

Answer 8

The enzymes denature so photosynthesis will not occur

Question 9

Explain how you can produce oxygen to show the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 9

Light certain distance, leave for certain time, use gas syringe to bring O2 bubble and measure its length, proportional to volume, repeat for mean volume, repeat with light at different lengths

Question 10

What is the inverse square law in terms of light intensity and distance. Give the equation for light intensity

Answer 10

If you halve the distance, the light intensity will be four times greater . If you third the D, the LI will be nine times greater
Light intensity = 1/d^2

Question 11

List 3 uses for respiration

Answer 11

Build up larger molecules form small ones (like proteins from amino acids)
Make muscles contract in animals
Keep body temperature steady in mammals and birds

Question 12

What is metabolism

Answer 12

The sum of all reactions happening in a cell or the body

Question 13

Explain anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast. Give the word equation

Answer 13

Produce ethanol. In yeast it is called fermentation. Helps bread to rise.
glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 14

Explain what an oxygen debt is

Answer 14

Amount of oxygen your body needs to remove the lactic acid from cells. This occurs after anaerobic exercise

Question 15

Explain how greenhouses create the ideal conditions for photosynthesis

Answer 15

They can use ventilation to keep the temp low.
Artificial light
Paraffin heaters - release CO2

Question 16

Give three things that increase to supply muscles with blood during excersise

Answer 16

Breathing rate, breath volume, heart rate