Topic #4: Architecture and Organization (2) Flashcards
It uses the MSB as a sign bit to display a range of either positve numbers or negative numbers
Sign-and-Magnitude
The _____ sends data as a series of pulses along one or two data lines
Serial Ports
It defines the supported data types, the registers, the hardware support for managing main memory fundamental features (such as the memory consistency, addressing modes, virtual memory), and abstract model of a computer
Instruction Set Architecture
The _____ sends data as a single pulse along at least eight data lines
Parallel Ports
It is often used to represent decimal numbers in binary
Binary Coded Decimal
The ____ is the “brain” of the system and executes program instructions
Microprocessor
The ___ is a type of temporary memory that can be accessed faster than RAM
Cache
The number of tiimes per second that the image on a monitor is repainted is its
Refresh Rate
The intel processor line, colloquially referred to as _____, has followed a long, evolutionary development
x86
It is the mathematical operation on binary numbers, and is an example of a radix complement and is defined as its complement with respect to 2^N
2’s Complement
It is a continuation of the P6 Microarchitecture
Pentium Pro
It is developed by Advance Micro Devices (AMD), which is referred to as x86-64
AMD64
The processing required for a single instructuon is called an ___
Instruction Cycle
The ____ of a monitor tells us how clear the image is
Dot Pitch
First multi-core intel microprocessor, where multiple processors are implemented on a single chip
Core 2
Defined as the value obtained by inverting all the bits in the binary representation of the number
1’s Complement
Introduced the NetBurst microarchitecture, which could operate at very high clock speeds, but at cost of high power consumption
Pentium 4
Improved performance, but only added minor extensions to the instruction set with its 3.1 M transistors
Pentium II
It is the physical aspects of computer systems
Computer Architecture
It is also known as Intel 80386
i386
It formed the basis of the IBM PC-AT personal computer, the original platform for MS Windows
8086
It is the reciprocal of clock frequency
Cycle Time
It has 1.2M transistors
80286
It involves instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design and implementation
Computer OrganizationT
The ____ allows movement of data between a system and its external devices
Ports
Introduced SSE, a class of instructions for manipulating vectors of integer or floating-point data
Pentium III
It is the implementation of the architecture
Microaarchitecture
It is the principle that the speed and capability of computers can be expected to double every two years, as a result of increases in the number of transistors a microchip can obtain
Moore’s Law
A ____ moves data within the computer and the faster itis the better
System Bus
Added a class of “conditional move insructions” to the instruction set
Pentium 4E
Incorporated both hyperthreading and multi-core, with the initial version supporting two executing programs on each core and up to four cores on each chip
Core i7
It is an intelligent serial interface that is self-configuring and supports “plug and play”
USB
It is the world’s first general-purpose microprocessor
8080
