Topic 4 Acids and alkalis Flashcards
1
Q
- What term describes a substance that attacks metals, stonework and skin?
A
corrosive
2
Q
- Name an acidic solution found in the kitchen.
A
vinegar or fruit juice, etc.
3
Q
- Name an alkaline solution used in the kitchen.
A
bleach or oven cleaner or soap, etc.
4
Q
- What type of substance turns litmus paper red?
A
acid
5
Q
- How does an indicator show the acidity or alkalinity of solutions?
A
by changing colour
6
Q
- What pH values represent alkaline solutions?
A
above 7 or 8 to 14
7
Q
- What kind of reaction occurs between an acid and an alkali?
A
neutralisation
8
Q
- What do you call a solution that is neither acidic nor alkaline.
A
neutral
9
Q
- Which ion is in excess in all acidic solutions?
A
hydrogen ions or H+ ions
10
Q
- Which ion is in excess in all alkaline solutions?
A
hydroxide ions or OH- ions
11
Q
- What scale is used for measuring acidic and alkaline properties?
A
the pH scale
12
Q
- Name three examples of acid/alkali indicators apart from universal indicator.
A
litmus, methyl orange and phenolphthalein
13
Q
- What would you use to measure pH to one decimal place?
A
a pH meter
14
Q
- What pH values are acidic?
A
below 7
15
Q
- What word describes a solution that contains a large amount of solute in a small volume of solvent?
A
concentrated
16
Q
- How can a solution be made more dilute?
A
by adding solvent/water
17
Q
- What kind of reaction occurs between an acid and a base?
A
neutralisation
18
Q
- What acid would be used to make zinc sulfate from zinc oxide?
A
sulfuric acid
19
Q
- How can a sample of a dissolved salt be obtained from a salt solution?
A
evaporation of the water
20
Q
- Which salt is formed when copper oxide reacts with sulfuric acid?
A
copper sulfate
21
Q
- Name the acid that has the formula HCl.
A
hydrochloric acid
22
Q
- What colour is phenolphthalein in alkaline solutions?
A
pink
23
Q
- What is the formula for sulfuric acid?
A
H2SO4
24
Q
- What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?
A
HCl
25
Q
- What colour is phenolphthalein in acidic solutions?
A
colourless not clear
26
Q
- Name a piece of apparatus used to measure volumes of liquid.
A
measuring cylinder/pipette/burette
27
Q
- Name the separation method used to produce crystals from a solution.
A
crystallisation
28
Q
- Name the acid needed to make ammonium nitrate.
A
nitric acid
29
Q
- Which acid can be used to make copper sulfate?
A
sulfuric acid
30
Q
- Which gas is formed when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium?
A
hydrogen
31
Q
- Which gas is formed when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium carbonate?
A
carbon dioxide
32
Q
- What acid can be used to make copper chloride?
A
hydrochloric acid
33
Q
- How do you identify hydrogen gas?
A
gives a squeaky pop with a lighted splint
34
Q
- What is seen when magnesium is added to dilute sulfuric acid?
A
effervescence/fizzing/bubbles
35
Q
- What gas is produced when copper carbonate is added to dilute nitric acid?
A
carbon dioxide
36
Q
- How do you test for carbon dioxide?
A
it turns limewater milky
