Topic 2 Structure and bonding Flashcards
- What can link two atoms together?
a bond
- What is an ion?
an atom that is charged because it has lost or gained one or more electrons
- What happens when an ionic bond is formed?
One atom loses electrons to another atom to form oppositely charged ions that attract each other.
- Which kinds of elements are usually involved in the formation of ionic bonds?
metals and non-metals
- How is a positive ion formed and what is it called?
formed by the loss of electrons; cation
- How is a negative ion formed and what is it called?
formed by the gain of electrons; anion
- Why do atoms form ions?
to become more stable (like a noble gas)
- What is the charge on the ions of elements in group 1 of the periodic table?
+1
- What is the charge on the ions of elements in group 6 of the periodic table?
-2
- What happens to the electrons in the outer shell of metal atoms when they form ions?
they are lost
- What is the name of the ionic compound containing calcium and bromine only?
calcium bromide
- How many electrons are in the outer shell of the elements in groups 5, 6 and 7?
5, 6 and 7
- What kind of electron arrangement is most stable?
a complete/full outer shell
- What are molecules?
groups of atoms held together by (covalent) bonds
- Which type of atoms are covalent bonds found between
non-metal and non-metal
- What happens to electrons between two atoms in a covalent bond
they are shared
- What kinds of elements usually form molecules?
non-metals
- What is the name of the force that holds molecules together in gases and liquids
intermolecular force
- How strong are the forces of attraction between molecules compared to the bonds within molecules?
They are relatively weak.
- Are simple molecules usually good conductors of electricity at room temperature?
No, they are poor conductors of electricity.
- What are intermolecular forces?
forces of attraction between molecules
- Do simple molecules have strong intermolecular forces between them?
No. They are described as weak.
- Why are simple molecules poor conductors of electricity?
There are no charge carriers.
- What strength of forces are there between different molecules of water?
weak
- Does pure water conduct electricity?
no
- What type of structure do diamond and graphite have?
(covalent), giant molecular
- What does the term malleable mean?
(can be hammered or bent into a different shape
- What type of bonding does copper have?
metallic
- What atoms does metallic bonding happen between?
metal and metal
- Why can metals conduct electricity?
electrons are free to move and carry charge
- What are the particles inside a metal?
metal ions surrounded by sea of electrons
